Assessment of the physical and mechanical variations of some travertines depend on the bedding plane orientation under physical weathering conditions

Sengün, N.; Demirdag, S.; Ugur, I.; Akbay, Deniz; Altındağ, R.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.08.142

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In general, the mechanical properties of the studied travertines and tufas do no present a strong anisotropy and they behave according to the predominant rock facies. These results are in concordance with previous studies (Jack-son et al 2005;Yagiz 2006;Garcia-del-Cura et al 2012;Martinez-Martinez et al 2013;Sengun et al 2015). Thus, laminated travertines with low-porous facies show the high-est strength when the rock is tested perpendicular to load direction, whereas porous facies are stronger when the lami-nate is parallel to the load.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In travertines with low poros-ity (non-porous travertines), a small change in the poros-ity causes great changes in rock strength. This trend is well established and is in concordance with previous studies (Jackson et al 2005;Yagiz 2006;Török 2006;Demirdag 2009;Akin 2010;Akin and Özsan 2011;Garcia-del-Cura et al 2012;Martinez-Martinez et al 2013;Chentout et al 2015;Sengun et al 2015). Garcia-del-Cura et al 2012concluded that slope change in the strength-porosity plot for connected porosity values of ~ 10% (in their study total porosity was 13%) is related to a change in the characteris-tics of the porous system.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 89%

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Impact of salt and frost weathering on the physical and durability properties of travertines and carbonate tufas used as building material

et al. 2018

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This study aims to understand the effect of salt and frost crystallisation on the petrophysical and durability properties of representative types of travertine and carbonate tufas. Results demonstrate that the studied travertines and tufas exhibit a very high durability against salt and ice crystallisation cycles, compared to carbonates rocks with similar porosity values. The variation of the loss of mass, effective porosity, capillary absorption coefficient, ultrasonic wave velocity and attenuation, and compressive strength was scarce during weathering tests. The evolution of petrophysical properties was slightly more intense after 30 cycles of salt crystallisation than 100 cycles of freeze-thaw. Petrophysical and durability properties of the travertines and carbonate tufas depend on porosity fraction and on the manner in which the vuggy porosity is connected. In the travertine facies, vuggy macropores show little connection and can be considered as separate-vug porosity. Their addition to interparticle porosity increases effective porosity and reduces their mechanical strength but does not significantly increase capillary transport and the effectiveness of salt and ice action over the stone. On the contrary, in the carbonate tufas, vugs act as touching-vug pores, as capillary imbibition coefficients reveal. However, scanning electron microscopy displays that they underwent microcracking processes related mainly to both thermal stresses and/or ice and salt pressures. These microcracks present little connection, and they do not enhance noticeably the water flow or decrease the mechanical properties. These results are finally discussed in terms of a nonlinear decay pattern, which with long periods of apparent stability might be followed by rapid and catastrophic decay.

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Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 89%

Impact of salt and frost weathering on the physical and durability properties of travertines and carbonate tufas used as building material

et al. 2018

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“…Artificial weathering experiments were performed to quantify how crack density changed over time in each rock type. While many factors cause weathering in rocks [31,32], chemical and physical processes were focused upon for convenience. The techniques reported by Byun et al [4] were considered to accelerate artificial weathering herein.…”

Section: Weathering Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Aspect Ratio and Crack Density in Porous-Cracked Rocks Using Experimental and Optimization Methods

Yoon

2020

Applied Sciences

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Aspect ratio and crack density are essential parameters to understand the physical properties of porous-cracked rocks, although it is difficult to independently determine each parameter, as both are closely linked. The objective of this study is to propose a relationship between aspect ratio and crack density that can be used to solve for each through experimental and optimization methods. Two different constitutive equations are solved to create expressions explicitly defining aspect ratio and crack density, with all remaining variables arranged as functions of elastic wave velocity. Ten core specimens extracted from construction sites, with diameters of 46 mm, are subjected to artificial weathering to identify how their crack density and aspect ratio evolved with time. The artificial weathering process consisted of chemical and physical weathering cycles using saline solution and slake durability tests, respectively. Compressional and shear wave velocities are measured at every weathering step, and both aspect ratio and crack density are calculated. The random forest as an optimization method is selected to define the important score among input variables. The calculated aspect ratios and crack densities are converted into a crack porosity, the reliability of which is verified through percentage of crack porosity (~6%) in total porosity. This study demonstrates that the relationship between aspect ratio and crack density is robust and has wide-ranging applications in determining individual aspect ratio and crack density parameters in porous-cracked rock.

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“…Natural stones have been widely used for architecture and construction purposes since ancient times [1][2][3]. In many regions of Europe, they have characterised traditional buildings and historical monuments [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for Natural Stone Products in Connection with European Standards

Strzałkowski,

Köken,

Sousa

2023

Materials

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The selection of ornamental stones for specific applications requires technical guidance since it should be based on the durability, service life, and aesthetic value of the stones. In most cases, these fundamentals provide quantitative data on the usability and performance of ornamental stones. The present study attempts to put forward a quantitative classification system for natural stone products concerning critical rock properties. For this purpose, fundamental physical and mechanical rock properties are listed based on European standards. Then, minimum limit values are proposed for different applications of natural stone products based on retrospective analyses of numerous ornamental stone applications. The suggested limit values based on several physical and mechanical rock properties can guide relevant engineers to initially consider possible rock types for use as natural stones in a wide range of applications. In this context, it is believed that the present study contributes to the natural stone industry by discussing the minimum limit values for the consideration of a wide range of rock types possibly usable in the dimension stone industry.

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Assessment of the physical and mechanical variations of some travertines depend on the bedding plane orientation under physical weathering conditions

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Impact of salt and frost weathering on the physical and durability properties of travertines and carbonate tufas used as building material

Impact of salt and frost weathering on the physical and durability properties of travertines and carbonate tufas used as building material

Relationship between Aspect Ratio and Crack Density in Porous-Cracked Rocks Using Experimental and Optimization Methods

Guidelines for Natural Stone Products in Connection with European Standards

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