Assessment of the Physico-Chemical Parameters and Soil Pollution in Some Landfills at Ouagadougou

Abstract

The study was conducted to evaluate the physic-chemical parameters and pollution aspect of landfill soils. The soils samples were collected in some selected landfill, at Ouagadougou. Determinations of heavy metal concentrations, physicchemical parameters, calculation of geo-accumulation index and statistical analysis were undertaken. The atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) in the soils samples. This study reveals that the studied landfill contribute to increase the concentration of heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Hg and Pb) in soils. The pH KCl of the studied landfill soils were less than 7, which reflects the acidic nature of the landfill soils. The Landfills soils were classified between 'practically uncontaminated', 'Uncontaminated to Moderate' and 'Moderate'. The geoaccumulation of Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, and As were less than one for the studied landfills. The classifications show that the landfill soil from KARPALA and DAGNOIN were the moderate polluted with Cu, Zn and Pb. The Cu, Zn and Pb were metal that contribute more in the pollution in the landfill soil at Ouagadougou. Statistical study reveals that increasing total organic matter tends to decrease the concentrations of manganese, zinc, copper and lead.