Assessment of the Prevalence of FGM and Associated Factors among Women’s of Reproductive Age Group in Kebirbeyah Town, Somali Region Eastern Ethiopia, 2017

Abdisa, Bayisa; Desalegn, Markos; Tesew, Alelign

doi:10.21767/1791-809x.1000517

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…It showed that age at circumcision for those girls whom their mothers religion were muslim was shortened by the factor of = 0.654 when mothers with Christian religion is used as reference. Similar study conducted by Abdisa et al (2017) found that girls whom their mothers are muslims are more vulnerable towards circumcision. The result of this study also demonstrated that fathers educations are determining factors for age at circumcision of girls in Ethiopia which agrees with the study conducted in Liberia by Adetunji (2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Modeling determinants of time-to-circumcision of girls: a comparison of various parametric shared frailty models

Bekalo

2019

Health Serv Outcomes Res Method

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Female genital mutilation (FGM), also known as female genital cutting or female circumcision, is one of the deeply rooted traditional practices, in which the external female genital organ is either partially or totally removed for non-medical reasons. In Ethiopia, FGM is widespread across the majority of regions and ethnic groups, having the highest national prevalence that leads them to various complications such as immediate urinary and genital tract infection, pain and hemorrhage, complications in childbirth and social, psychological and sexual complications. This study aimed to model and investigate the potential risk factors of time-to-circumcision of girls in Ethiopia using parametric shared frailty models where regional states of the girls were used as a clustering effect in the models. The data source for the analysis was the 2016 EDHS data collected from January 18, 2016 up to June 27, 2016 from which the survival information of 2930 girls on age at circumcision obtained. The gamma and inverse Gaussian shared frailty distributions with Exponential, Weibull and log-logistic baseline models was employed to analyze risk factors associated with age at circumcision using socio-economic and demographic factors. All the fitted models were compared by using AIC and BIC values from simulation study and actual dataset. The result revealed that about 22.4% of girls were circumcised and 77.6% were not circumcised. The median age at circumcision was 3 years. Based on AIC and BIC values from simulation experiment and graphical evidences, log-logistic model with inverse Gaussian shared frailty distribution preferred when compared with other models for age at circumcision dataset. The clustering effect was significant for modeling the determinants of time-to-circumcision of girls dataset. Based on the result of log-logistic inverse Gaussian shared frailty model, mothers and fathers educational level, place of residence and religion of parents were found to be the most significant determinants of age at circumcision of girls. The estimated acceleration factor for the group of mothers who had secondary and higher educational level were highly prolonged age at circumcision of girls by the factor of ϕ = 3.119 and ϕ = 3.933 respectively. The log-logistic model with inverse Gaussian shared frailty distribution described age at circumcision of girls better than other models and there was heterogeneity between the regions on age at circumcision. Improving parents access to education would be an important way approach for preventing girls' circumcision.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Modeling determinants of time-to-circumcision of girls: a comparison of various parametric shared frailty models

Bekalo

2019

Health Serv Outcomes Res Method

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“…The results are comparable with a recent study in Sudan where 38.8% of the respondents stated that mother's girls initiated the discussion on the need to conduct FGC/M and 37.6% of them identi ed the mother as the person involved in decision of FGC/M type [14] . Similar results were reported from Ethiopia where the decision to have FGC/M was made by respondents' mothers, followed by grandmothers although the percentages were different [15] .Another study from Somali Region, Eastern Ethiopia reported that 70.3% of the respondents stated that FGC/M was decided by mother and 28.4% of them stated that both mother and father made the FGC/M decision and none of the participants mentioned that only father could decide by himself to conduct FGC/M for daughters [16] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A study from Ghana documented the important reasons for conduct of FGC/M as traditions (44%), control sexual desire (29%) and social acceptance 20% [17] . Another study from Easter Ethiopia reported important reasons for continuity of FGC/M as preservation of virginity (61.8%), religious reasons (18.1%) and avoidance of sex-related problems 13.4% [16] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in Khartoum State - Sudan, 2020: A Cross-Sectional Study

Elnimeiri¹,

Abdelbasit²,

Ibrahim³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Female genital cutting/mutilation (FGC/M) is deeply rooted and widely practiced in Sudan. Although the trend is slowly decreasing, the magnitude is still very high as the procedure has no known benefit but has many consequences. The aim of this study was to identify the causes and the risk factors associated with FGC/M among reproductive-age women in the country.Methods: A community based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 902 women in the reproductive age (15-49) years in Khartoum State-Sudan, sampled proportionate to size using multistage clustering and participants were drawn using systematic probability sampling technique. Data were collected using a standardized administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Among 902 women who participated in the study, 89% of were married and 48% of them got married for the first time at age less than 20 years. The commonest age for such practice was 6-7 years as stated by about 48% of them. There is a significant association between educational level of participants and practicing FGC/M among their daughters (P value=.0001) with a tendency of the participants who attained a higher educational levels to less subject their daughters to any form of FGC/M. There is a significant association between the type of FGC/M of participants and the type of FGC/M of their daughters (P value=.001) with a tendency of the participants’ daughters to be subjected to clitorectomy rather than pharaonic. 39% of the participants stated that they themselves influenced the decision to subject their daughters to FGC/M while 32% of them stated that the grandmothers influence such a decision. The study revealed 45% of the participants believed in customs and traditions as the main reason for the conduct of FGC/M.Conclusion: The FGC/M was widely practiced by the participants’ families indicating the deeply rooted practice as a social norm. Parental education is inversely associated with practicing FGC/M to their daughters. The socio-cultural reason was the main cause of practicing FGC/M among participants. Therefore, a significant change in factors such as education, and social development might cause a gradual decline in FGC/M.

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“…Another study from Somali Region, Eastern Ethiopia reported that 70.3% of the respondents stated that FGC/M was decided by mother and 28.4% of them stated that both mother and father made the FGC/M decision and none of the participants mentioned that only father could decide by himself to conduct FGC/M for daughters (Abdisa et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some participants (38%) were not supportive for eradication of FGC/M (figure V). A study among female rural dwellers in Egypt reported that 60.3% of the respondents supported the continuation of FGC/M (Abdisa et al, 2017). Another study from Eastern Ethiopia reported that 36% of the study, women supported the continuity of FGC/M (Hussein et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Perspective of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in Khartoum State – Sudan 2020

Elnimeiri

Satti

Abdelrahim³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Female genital cutting( FGC) comprises all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons and it is considered as violation of human rights of girls and women. The overall objective of this study was to explore the social factors contributing in the persistence of this practice despite of the efforts for eradication in Khartoum State-Methods: This was a community based cross-sectional study conducted in Khartoum State- Sudan including the three localities. The study included 920 females within the reproductive age, sampled proportionate to size using multistage cluster sampling The data were collected using standardized administered questionnaire, Data were analyzed using statistical package for social science's version 21. Analysis was composed of descriptive data and Multinominal Regression Test to study the associations between variables of interest.Results: 62% of the participants considered female genital cutting as a violation of girls’ and women’s rights, 20% of them mentioned rejection by husbands as the main risk if daughters were not subjected to female genital cutting ,71% of the participants considered female genital cutting as a harmful traditional practice while 26% did not consider it as such . ] Multinomial logistic regression estimates of daughters have been subjected to any form of female genital cutting and reasons of conduct of female genital cutting and the risk encountered when girls are not subjected to female genital cutting showed ,“the risk encountered when girls are not subjected to female genital cutting” ranked the first place in influence as the regression coefficient of this variable is 68.779, while the main reason for the conduct of female genital cutting ranked the second place in influence as the regression coefficient of this variable is .089.Conclusions: FGC is a cultural practice recognized as a violation of human rights. These findings support the social coordination norm model, and results indicate the widely prevailing misconceptions about FGC/M among the study participants especially among those participants supporting the continuation of FGC/M. Key words Female genital cutting, Social Factors, Violation, Sudan

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Assessment of the Prevalence of FGM and Associated Factors among Women’s of Reproductive Age Group in Kebirbeyah Town, Somali Region Eastern Ethiopia, 2017

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Modeling determinants of time-to-circumcision of girls: a comparison of various parametric shared frailty models

Modeling determinants of time-to-circumcision of girls: a comparison of various parametric shared frailty models

Determinants of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in Khartoum State - Sudan, 2020: A Cross-Sectional Study

Social Perspective of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in Khartoum State – Sudan 2020

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