Assessment of the Protein Quality and Mineral Bioavailability of Dacryodes edulis Seed and Seed Coat Mixture

Ogunka-Nnoka, C. U.; Amadi, Peter Uchenna; Ogbonna, P. C.; Ogbegbor, P

doi:10.9734/jsrr/2017/32405

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Valine and tryptophan were the least occuring essential amino acid in the studied plant. Glutamate and aspartate were the highest occurring non-essential amino acid present in the sample and similar observations have been reported by [33,36,40]. Most of the essential amino acids estimates present in the sample are in line with the amino acid reference values recommended for pre-school children, children already in school and adults, FAO/WHU/UNU [23].…”

Section: Vitamin Content Determinationsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The total TAAA content in the sample clearly indicates that the protein species may be acidic in comparison to the TBAA value while the total TNEAA value of (51.10g/100g) in comparison to the TEAA with His (39.74g/100g) implies that the sample contains lower essential amino acids than the non-essential amino acids and therefore, should be supplemented with other rich sources of essential amino acids for proper nutritional benefits. The TEAA content (39.74g/100g) was lower than the value for egg reference protein (56.6 g/100g) reported by Paul et al [44] but comparably close to the values (44.4g/100g) for soya bean [45], 43.1g/100g for Bridelia ferruginea stem bark [46] and 41.83g/100g for D. edulis seed and seed coat mixture [40]. The percentage essential amino acid content with histidine (41.8%) and without histidine (41.1%) were above the values recommended for infants (39%), children (26%) and adults (11%) [23] and comparably close to the values for egg [47].The TArAA value of the studied sample fell within the accepted protein range (6.8-11.8g/100g) for infants as recommended by FAO/WHO/UNU [23].…”

Section: Vitamin Content Determinationsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…The sample exhibited a total amino acid content of 90.94 g/100g comprising of 51.10 g/100g (56.19%) total non-essential amino acids, 39.74g/100g (43.69%) total essential amino acid with histidine and 37.46g/100g (41.19%) total essential amino without histidine. The 90.94g/100g total amino acid content of the sample was comparably higher than the values reported for Crassocephalum crepidioides and Senecio biafrae green leafy vegetables [41] and 53.91g/100g for Terminalia littoralis [42] but comparable to the 88.41g/100g for D. edulis seed and seed coat mixture [40] and within the range (70.3-91.8g/100g) reported by Adeyeye [43] for dehulled African yam bean. The total branched chain amino acids (TBCAA) 12.93g/100g observed in the current sample was comparable to the 13.39g/100g value reported for Terminalia Iittoralis [42].…”

Section: Vitamin Content Determinationsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Some studies have demonstrated the importance of leucine/isoleucine balance in the regulation of tryptophan and niacin metabolism as a result of the impairment of tryptophan metabolism and niacin deficiency caused by excessive amounts of leucine [53]. The present Leu/ileu ratios were low in value (1.62) and lower than 1.89 recorded for D.eludis seed and seed coat mixture [40], 1.60 and 1.50 respectively for the yolk and albumin of guinea fowl [54]. Score a = Essential amino acid scores based on requirements of pre-school child FAO/WHO/UNU [23].…”

Section: Vitamin Content Determinationmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Assessment of Vitamins, Protein Quality and Mineral Bioavailability of Matured Stems of Opuntia dillenii Grown in Nigeria

Augustine¹,

Njoku²,

Agumuo³

et al. 2017

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The vitamin composition, protein quality and mineral bioavailability of matured stems of Opuntia dillenii were investigated. The sample was analyzed using an automatic amino acid analyzer (JEOL (JLC 500/V) for the assessment of amino acids, and an atomic absorption spectrophotometer for the mineral composition analysis while the vitamin composition was evaluated using spectrophotometric methods. The amino acid composition ranged between 1.31g-20.08g/100g. Arginine and leucine had the highest concentration of essential amino acids while glutamate and aspartate were the most abundant non-essential amino acid in the studied plant. The percentage Total essential amino acids (with Histidine), Total non-essential amino acids, Total aromatic amino acids, and Total sulphur amino acids were 41.8%, 56.1%, 8.1% and 5.3% respectively. The results for the protein quality indices:-the predicted protein efficiency ratios (P-PERs I, II, and III) were 2.45, 2.59 and 3.49 respectively. The amino acid scoring pattern showed valine and lysine as the limiting essential amino acids considering the requirements of preschool children. The vitamin analysis showed that vitamin B 12 and vitamin A were the most occurring vitamins. The mineral analysis results revealed magnesium, calcium and phosphorus as the most concentrated while the [phytate]/ [calcium] ratio and [phytate]/ [zinc] ratio in the sample were below the critical levels. The study has shown that matured stems of Opuntia dillenii can contribute greatly towards meeting human nutritional requirement and the high vitamin B 12 content could be of important value in patients with severe sickle cell disease.

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Section: Vitamin Content Determinationsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Vitamin Content Determinationsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Vitamin Content Determinationsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Vitamin Content Determinationmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Assessment of Vitamins, Protein Quality and Mineral Bioavailability of Matured Stems of Opuntia dillenii Grown in Nigeria

Augustine¹,

Njoku²,

Agumuo³

et al. 2017

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“…These vitamins (A, C and E) are nutritive antioxidants which confer additional therapeutic functions to the seeds of Hibiscus sabdariffa by scavenging free radicals generated in the body. They do this by binding to them the free radicals in order to make them less toxic to the cell [54]. Vitamin C provides first line of defence against oxidative stress [55].…”

Section: Antioxidant Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Composition, Anti-nutrient Properties and Antioxidant Potentials of Raw Hibiscus sabdariffa Seeds

Chukwu

Ogunka-Nnoka

Akaninwor

2019

ACRI

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Aims: This study was aimed at ascertaining the phytochemical, anti-nutrient and antioxidant potentials of raw seeds of Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS). Place and Duration of Study: Rivers and Anambra states, Nigeria, between January and April, 2017. Methodology: Dried seeds of Hibiscus sabdariffa were gotten from Mangu Local Government Area of Plateau state, Nigeria. They were properly cleaned, sorted and ground into powder for analyses. Phytochemical constituents and anti-nutrients were quantified using a BUCK M910 Gas chromatography equipped with an on-column automatic flame ionization detector (GC-FID) under standard chromatographic conditions. Antioxidant vitamins A, C and E were determined using standard spectrophotometric methods, while in vitro enzymatic antioxidants were determined using standard protocols. Results: The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of the following in their order of abundance: ribalidine>epicatechin>oxalate>catechin>saponin>sapogenin>kaempferol>tannin> lunamarine>rutin>anthocyanin>phytate>spartein. The anti-nutrient levels in the seeds of HS were: alkaloids (47.00 µg/ml; 39.20%), saponins (14.62 µg/ml; 12.19%), oxalates (14.06 µg/ml; 11.72%), tannin (4.79 µg/ml; 3.99%) and phytates (0.55 µg/ml; 0.46%). Antioxidant vitamins detected were vitamin A (2.76 ± 0.26 mg/kg), vitamin C (2.60 ± 0.07 mg/kg) and vitamin E (5.06 ± 0.30 mg/kg). Some in vitro enzymatic antioxidants were Catalase (26.71 ± 3.68 µmol/ml), Peroxidase (13.29 ± 1.72 µmol/ml), Glutathione reductase (24.43 ± 0.78 µmol/ml) and Superoxide Dismutase (0.88 ± 0.05 unit enzyme). Conclusion: Seeds of HS contain several phytochemicals which exist in great amounts, some of which may act as anti-nutrients that interfere with food absorption. Furthermore, HS seeds possess some antioxidant potentials which can be exploited for therapeutic purposes.

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Effects of the substitution of cow’s milk with soymilk on the micronutrients, microbial, and sensory qualities of yoghurt

Otolowo

Omosebi²,

Araoye³

et al. 2022

Food Prod Process and Nutr

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The consumption of imported dairy products is high especially in developing countries including Nigeria where little or no milk is produced locally which makes the products expensive, out of reach to common consumers and also inconvenient for lactose intolerance and vegans. Soymilk, as plant-based milk was substituted for cow’s milk in parts and in whole for the production of yoghurt and the effect of substitution was evaluated on the minerals, vitamins, microbial, and sensory properties of the products using the established methods. Significant differences (p < 0.05) exits among the yoghurt samples in the micronutrient contents. The soymilk substitution produced yoghurts with trace/macro mineral contents’ range of 0.14–28.50 mg/100 g and vitamin contents (ranged 0.02–0.43 mg/100 g) that were of comparable range of values with the yoghurt made with 100% cow’s milk (0.21–29.60 mg/100 g minerals and 0.05–0.58 mg/100 g vitamins). Generally, no significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in most of the sensory attributes evaluated (range 8.00–8.01) in the entire samples (except in the 100% soymilk yoghurt). The microbial analysis proved the safety of the entire products for consumption. These showed the positive effect of substituting soymilk for cow’s milk at all the levels used, thus, the lactose intolerance and vegans can find alternative to dairy yoghurt in the 100% soymilk substitution and enjoy the functional health benefits of yoghurt. Also, the total dependence on importation of dairy milk and cost of production of composited milk yoghurt could be reduced to improve the nation’s economy and make the product economically accessible to common man. Graphical abstract

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Assessment of the Protein Quality and Mineral Bioavailability of Dacryodes edulis Seed and Seed Coat Mixture

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of Vitamins, Protein Quality and Mineral Bioavailability of Matured Stems of Opuntia dillenii Grown in Nigeria

Assessment of Vitamins, Protein Quality and Mineral Bioavailability of Matured Stems of Opuntia dillenii Grown in Nigeria

Phytochemical Composition, Anti-nutrient Properties and Antioxidant Potentials of Raw Hibiscus sabdariffa Seeds

Effects of the substitution of cow’s milk with soymilk on the micronutrients, microbial, and sensory qualities of yoghurt

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