Assessment of the Psychological Impact of an Epidemic Situation (Covid-19) on the Quality of Life of a Vulnerable Population: Experience Among Moroccan Elderly

Abstract

Background: The pandemic coronavirus (Covid-19) currently represents both physical and psychic major risk to public health. The elderly people (aged 60 plus) are the most vulnerable to the coronavirus from the rest of the population. They are in fact more exposed to complications, atypical clinical presentation and therapeutic difficulties. However, this epidemic situation generates stress added to the stress related to their clinical condition, which could negatively affect their quality of life. Objective: specify if the pandemic Covid-19 and its consequences had a short- and medium-term impact on mental health and quality of life of elderly patients after the introduction of containment measures. Methods: We conducted an online survey from 09 May to 9 June 2020 through a questionnaire published on social networks using Google Forms and comprising several items, student demographics, overall health, and the elements of the SF-12 quality of life scale. Results: The study population consisted of 135 elderly subjects. The average age was 65.3 years, 53% were male. 6.7% had a psychiatric history, 61.5% had a somatic illness and 42.2% reported having sleep disorders since the starting of lockdown. In our study, participants had an average scores of physical and mental health (40.62 and 38.63) significantly lower than that of the general population (= 50). Mental health was statistically more impaired in subjects having somatic illness, those who were not used to staying at home. Female gender was associated with physical health impairment. The presence of sleep disturbances has been statistically associated with impaired mental and physical health. Conclusions: Infection with the Covid-19 is particularly serious in elderly patients with a high risk of death and a negative psychological impact affecting their quality of life. Particular attention should be brought to this vulnerable population and the implementation of various programs to reduce the negative psychological impact and offer them a better quality of life.