In order to improve people's living experience, a method for evaluating the quality of urban human settlements based on back propagation neural network is proposed. Firstly, the initial evaluation index system is constructed, the initial evaluation index system is screened, and the final evaluation index system is constructed by using the remaining evaluation indexes. Then, the back propagation neural network is constructed to build an evaluation model, and the evaluation model is trained through the processes of network initialization, hidden layer output calculation and output layer output calculation. Finally, the improved genetic algorithm is used to optimize the back propagation neural network, improve the evaluation performance of the back propagation neural network, and realize the evaluation of human settlements quality. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the evaluation results of urban human settlements quality output by the trained back-propagation neural network model reaches 96.3%, which has a good effect.