Assessment of the Relative Importance of the Allergic, Infective and Psychological Factors in Asthma

Williams, D.A.; Lewis-Faning, E.; Rees, Linford; Jacobs, J.E.; Thomas, Alun

doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1958.tb04007.x

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Moreover, even subjects who did have 20% or 15% drops did so on only one or two of the six fear and anger sessions. These results are consistent with other studies in the literature, which have found psychological factors to be the most important or exclusive trigger in only a very few patients (25,26). Our estimate of 38%, however, is smaller than those, ranging up to 69%, which other studies have found.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Emotionally Induced Decreases in Pulmonary Flow Rates in Asthmatic Children

Tal

Miklich

1976

Psychosomatic Medicine

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This study found that vividly remembered incidents of intense anger and similarly recalled fear decreased 1-sec forced expiratory flow rates (FEV1)in 35 male and 25 female chronic asthmatic children who had no psychopathology. FEV1 increased with relaxation. Changes in FEV1 following anger correlated with changes following fear as highly as the reliabilities of the responses permitted, although anger produced a greater decrease than fear. FEV1 decrease following anger and fear correlated with FEV1 increase due to relaxation. The amount of change in each of the three conditions correlated with history of emotionally precipitated asthma. This pattern was interpreted to mean that the same phenomenon underlies emotional-bronchoconstriction, relaxation-bronchodilitation, and emotionally triggered asthma. No relationship was found between degree of allergic sensitivity (atopy) and FEV1 changes in any of the three conditions nor did atopy correlate with history of emotionally triggered asthma. These results do not support the view that psychological and allergic factors are inversely related, alternative causes of asthma.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Emotionally Induced Decreases in Pulmonary Flow Rates in Asthmatic Children

Tal

Miklich

1976

Psychosomatic Medicine

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“…Similarly precipitating antibodies against antigens from Staphylococcus aureus have been found with increased frequency in patients with cystic fibrosis as well as bronchiectasis (Burns and May, 1968). Bacterial infection is thought to play an important role in certain cases of asthma, particularly those described as intrinsic (Williams et al, 1958;Hampton, 1965) though there is little evidence to support this claim. Knowledge of the particular immunoglobulin class of antibody against both bacterial and viral antigens is of importance in clinical practice since the finding of antibody in the IgM class has been taken as evidence favouring recent infection, while the finding of IgG antibody alone has been considered to imply past contact (Burgin-Wolff, Hernandez, and Just, 1971;O'Neill and Nichol, 1972).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial precipitins and their immunoglobulin class in atopic asthma, non-atopic asthma, and chronic bronchitis.

Davies¹,

Holford-Strevens²,

Wells³

et al. 1976

Thorax

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(1976). Thorax, 31,[419][420][421][422][423][424]. Bacterial precipitins and their immunoglobulin class in atopic asthma, nonatopic asthma, and chronic bronchitis. In a study of groups of patients with atopic (extrinsic) asthma, non-atopic (intrinsic) asthma, and chronic bronchitis, no difference could be detected in the numbers having precipitating antibodies against species specific antigens from Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pneumoniae compared to suitably matched control subjects. Precipitating antibodies against species specific antigens from Haemophilus influenzae, demonstrated in this investigation by double diffusion in agar gel, were found much more frequently in patients with chronic mucopurulent or obstructive bronchitis (50%) than in either asthmatic subjects (6%) or normal controls (6%) (P= <00005). While the precipitating antibody demonstrated in these patients against the extracts of Str. pneumoniae and Staph. aureus was in the IgG class alone, IgM and IgA antibody were detected against the species specific but not the non-species specific antigens of H. influenzae. These results underline the importance of H. influenzae as an infecting agent in chronic bronchitis and suggest that the finding of precipitins against the species specific H, and H. antigens of this bacterium denotes infection either concurrently or in the recent past. There is no evidence to suggest from this study that infection with Staph. aureus, Str. pneumoniae or H. influenzae is any more common in asthmatics as a group compared to controls or between patients with the non-atopic (intrinsic) and atopic (extrinsic) form of the disease.

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“…Several authors consider infection to be the most important aetiological factor in the pathogenesis of asthma (Williams et al, 1958; Aas, 1969), an essential role of bacterial infection has been denied by Berman el al. (1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparison of vaccination of mice and rats with Haemophilus influenzae and bordetella pertussis as models of atopy

Terpstra¹,

Raaijmakeis²,

Kreukniet³

1979

Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol

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1. Rats and mice were vaccinated with Haemophilus influenzae in different vaccination schedules whereafter blood eosinophils were counted. In rats a single vaccination resulted in a dose-dependent effect on the blood eosinophil count in a pattern comparable with that after Bordetella pertussis vaccination. In a long-term vaccination schedule (five times a week for 5 weeks) rats developed a constant eosinophilia. In mice a single vaccination resulted in an eosinopenia of a consistent pattern which differed from the response after Bordetella pertussis vaccination; in a long-term vaccination schedule, eosinophilia was evoked for a period of about 13 days. 2. Thirty minutes after an adrenaline injection in vaccinated rats and mice with Haemophilus influenzae, hyperglycaemic and eosinophilic responses were measured. The eosinophilic response after adrenaline was inhibited in both species; the hyperglycaemic response in rats was unaltered, in mice the response was slightly but significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased. 3. The sensitivity to several drugs was tested in mice, 5 days after vaccination with Haemophilus influenzae or Bordetella pertussis. Haemophilus influenzae vaccination reduced the isoprenaline sensitivity and increased the noradrenaline sensitivity. Bordetella pertussis vaccination reduced the isoprenaline sensitivity while the sensitivity to histamine and adrenaline was raised. 4. The Haemophilus influenzae vaccinated experimental animal provides a model that is possibly more related to human atopy than the Bordetella pertussis vaccinated animal.

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Assessment of the Relative Importance of the Allergic, Infective and Psychological Factors in Asthma

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

Emotionally Induced Decreases in Pulmonary Flow Rates in Asthmatic Children

Emotionally Induced Decreases in Pulmonary Flow Rates in Asthmatic Children

Bacterial precipitins and their immunoglobulin class in atopic asthma, non-atopic asthma, and chronic bronchitis.

Comparison of vaccination of mice and rats with Haemophilus influenzae and bordetella pertussis as models of atopy

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