Assessment of the Seedling Resistance of Spring Wheat Lines to Fusarium culmorum

Abstract

Wheat diseases are one of the constraints limiting wheat yields wherever the crop is grown. Fusarium crown rot, incited by Fusarium culmorum, is one of the most important diseases limiting wheat yields especially in dryland areas. Although there are no wheat varieties which are fully resistant to crown rot, the use of varieties showing some degree of resistance is the most reliable and cost effective method to control this disease. In this study, seedling reactions of 165 spring wheat breeding lines (Triticum aestivum L.) obtained from CIMMYT, Mexico were determined under growth room conditions using an aggressive isolate of Fusarium culmorum. Crown rot severity was assessed using a 1-5 scale. The mean disease severity scores for the lines tested ranged from 1.4 to 4.4. Two out of the 165 lines tested (lines 147 and 158) were resistant (R) in their reaction and had scores of 1.4. Twenty lines showed moderately resistant (MR) reaction and had scores ranging from 1.6 to 2.4. The scores of both the R and MR lines were not significantly different from scores of MR control cultivars. Sixty-three percent of the lines were moderately susceptible (MS). Out of the 165 lines tested, 39 were susceptible (S) in their reaction. The promising wheat lines that showed some degree of resistance to Fusarium culmorum in the present study can serve as useful sources of genetic resistance in breeding for Fusarium crown rot.

Seedling resistance of some bread wheat genotypes to Fusarium pseudograminearum

“…In our current study, 1 and 35 genotypes exhibited resistant and moderately resistant reactions, respectively. Similar results were obtained with the seedling test done with another important wheat root and crown rot pathogen Fusarium culmorum (Gebremariam et al 2020). They tested the seedling reactions of 165 spring wheat lines obtained from CIMMYT, Mexico under growth room conditions using an aggressive isolate of F. culmorum.…”

“…Management of Fusarium root, crown, and foot rots is difficult. Genetic resistance is the most promising and efficient way to control the diseases caused by soil-borne pathogens (Erginbas- Orakci et al 2013, Gebremariam et al 2020, Wallwork et al 2004.…”

Antifungal Activity of Chitosan Oligomers–Amino Acid Conjugate Complexes against Fusarium culmorum in Spelt (Triticum spelta L.)

“…Moreover, the European legal framework (Article 14 in European Directive 2009/128/EC) enforces their use in a sustainable way, but low concentrations of the aforementioned fungicides may cause an incomplete reduction of fungal development [9]. Hence, alternative control strategies have become the subject of intense research, including biocontrol agents [10], the selection of resistant cultivars [11,12], or agronomic practices (e.g., influence of tillage and cover crop [13]).…”

Effects of Season and Phenology-based Changes on Soil Erodibility and Other Dynamic RUSLE Factors for Semi-arid Winter Wheat Fields

“…Due to climatic constraints, mostly preferred bread wheat varieties in the region were Bezostaia-1 (Spineless, white glume, hard grain, medium height), Tosunbey (Spined, white glume, white, hard grain, medium height), Esperiya (Spined, spike color white, grain color red, hard grain), Gerek-79 (Spined, glume and spike color brown, soft white grain, medium height) and Sonmez-2001 (Spineless, spike color white, grain color red, hard grain) according to the interviewed expert and farmers in the region. These types of bread are generally of very high quality and are known to be resistant to cold, drougth and bedding (Aktaş & Ünver İkincikarakaya 2010;Karabak et al 2010;Gebremariam et al 2020;Korkut et al 2019;Baser 2020;Cevher et al 2020;TGB 2020).…”