Assessment of the State of Soil’s Microbial Community in Condition of Intensive Influence of Pollutants

Abstract

This paper presents the study of toxicological state of the soil. It shows ecological and microbiological properties of the soil mantle in the areas of technological environmental impact and evaluates changes in the number of soil microorganisms as a result of toxic contamination of urban soil at different distances from the Moscow loop highway, and also as a result of dumping aluminum foundry slag in Orel region. Soil-inhabiting invertebrates species composition was evaluated at different soil contamination conditions. It was proven that the state of microbiocenosis changes depending on the intensity and character of the anthropogenic impact. It was established that soil fermentation and microbiological activity changes depending on the value of the cumulative heavy metals’ build-up coefficient. Study of interelement ties between the heavy metals concerned showed that they too may have the same anthropogenic origin regardless of their sources of origin. Pollution index indicates medium to high level of soil contamination in explored urban territories where vehicle emission is the main source of pollution, and dangerously high contamination of light-gray soil in the small settlement impacted by a nearby slag disposal site.

The Role of Microbial Biofilm in Removing Ammonia in Floating Treatment Wetlands

“…The relationship between ammonia removal and increase in surface area for microbial growth suggested that T 5 was best design for treatment performance. Microbial removal pathways, particularly nitrification, are mediated by fixed biofilms that occur on solid surfaces such as bed sediment, plant roots, and floating mats (Boltz et al, 2017;Stepanova et al, 2021). The results are broadly comparable with the findings obtained by Stewart et al (2008).…”

Addressing Heavy Metal Pollution in Nigeria: Evaluating Policies, Assessing Impacts, and Enhancing Remediation Strategies

“…The presence of heavy metals in the environment is significantly influenced by anthropogenic activities, leading to contamination across various environmental components. Major sources of heavy metal contamination include industrial processes, mining, vehicle emissions, agricultural practices, wastewater discharge, and urban runoff (Stepanova et al, 2021;Shimod et al, 2022). These activities result in the release of heavy metals into the environment, leading to contamination of soil, sediments, water, and biota (Younis et al, 2018;Imlani et al, 2022).…”