Assessment of the variation of failure probability of upgraded rubble-mound breakwaters due to climate change

Stagnitti, Martina; Lara, Javier L.; Musumeci, Rosaria Ester; Foti, Enrico

doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.986993

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In the present work, a marine climate emulator has been employed to generate random sea storms and sea levels, also considering the effects of climate change (Stagnitti et al, 2022). Present (i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, the standard deviation of the Normal distribution of ℎ 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 was set following the indications of Lara et al (2019). The employed values of 𝑓, 𝑎 and 𝑏 are not only the ones indicated by van der Meer (1988a) and EurOtop ( 2018), but also the sitespecific ones deduced from the results of the previously carried out composite modeling of the upgraded Catania harbor breakwater (Stagnitti et al, 2020(Stagnitti et al, , 2022(Stagnitti et al, , 2023. In particular, site-specific values of 𝑓 were calculated for the cases showed in Fig.…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the Failure Probability of Upgraded Rubble-Mound Breakwaters

Stagnitti,

Lara,

Musumeci

et al. 2023

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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Nowadays, the existence of a huge number of aging harbor defense structures and climate change-induced forcing variability highlight the need for a methodology able to deal with uncertainties which arise during the design of new and above all upgraded structures. In the present work, a probabilistic design methodology based on the Monte Carlo simulation technique for the assessment of the failure probability due to independent failure modes and on the factor of change method for the inclusion of the effects of climate change is described, together with its application to the emblematic case study of the Catania harbor breakwater (Italy). The performances of the rubble-mound breakwater under present and future climate scenarios are assessed considering the existing structure and different upgrading options, which include both the raising of the wave wall and the addition of extra armor blocks. Three novel indexes describing the acceptability level of the structure performances as well as the rate of growth and the coefficient of variation of the failure probability along lifetime are employed to quantitatively asses the performances of the existing and upgraded breakwater under present and future climate, considering the ultimate limit state due to the collapse of the outer armor layer and the serviceability limit state due to excessive mean wave overtopping discharge. The obtained results demonstrate that such indexes may give useful indication to designers and decision makers who deal with the upgrade of existing harbor defense structures under the effects of climate change.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Failure Probability of Upgraded Rubble-Mound Breakwaters

Stagnitti,

Lara,

Musumeci

et al. 2023

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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“…But if the foreshore becomes steeper because of erosion, then a front berm will also be needed. Stagnitti et al (2022) introduced a novel methodology based on the calculation of the failure probability during a lifetime due to independent failure modes. Their method was employed to evaluate the performance of upgraded breakwaters in response to climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analisis Of Upgrading Low-Crested Structures As An Adaptation Measure To Climate Change For Coastal Protection: A Hybrid Approach

HASSANPOUR,

CONTESTABILE,

LARA

et al. 2024

CoastLab

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Coastal zones have consistently been among the most appealing settlement areas due to their proximity to the sea, rich natural resources, and the high quality of life they offer (Lamberti et al., 2005). However, these regions are affected by climate change impacts, such as sea-level rise, storm surges, and an increased intensity of extreme weather events (Burcharth et al., 2014). Traditional low-crested rubble mound breakwaters are commonly used to protect coastal areas from wave damage. However, it is expected that the variability of climate conditions will induce a loss of functionality and structural integrity in the coming decades. Coastal communities and coastal managers, within the framework of sustainable development, are demanding new approaches that include not only the preservation of the hydraulic performance of the breakwaters, but also other factors, including social and environmental impacts. These requests significantly affect the traditional way to conceive those structures to be integrated into the coastal landscape. To cope with the variation of climate drivers, existing low-crested breakwaters must be adapted to accommodate social demands and environmental issues. Therefore, upgrading and maintaining the existing rubble-mound breakwater is a hot topic in coastal engineering, and deserves special attention due to the possible intensification of external loads resulting from the impacts of climate change (Stagnitti et al., 2023). Upgrading can be done by modifying the structure profile and/or adding structure elements (Burcharth et al., 2014). In 2011, Cappietti provided curves for the functional design of submerged breakwaters to be used in place of preexisting emergent breakwaters. Burcharth et al. (2014) explained that the best way to improve the structure is to put an additional layer of protection on the front slope, as long as the foreshore has a mild slope of around 1:100. But if the foreshore becomes steeper because of erosion, then a front berm will also be needed. Stagnitti et al. (2022) introduced a novel methodology based on the calculation of the failure probability during a lifetime due to independent failure modes. Their method was employed to evaluate the performance of upgraded breakwaters in response to climate change. Estimating the wave overtopping of both existing and upgraded breakwaters is essential for designing upgrade options that can ensure the safety of port operations. Stagnitti et al. (2023) applied the numerical model IH2VOF, which was calibrated using experimental data, to study the wave overtopping of damaged and upgraded rubble-mound breakwaters. The present work examines the feasibility of converting emerged rubble-mound breakwaters into submerged breakwaters to minimize their detrimental environmental effects. To achieve this goal, an investigation was conducted to evaluate the hydraulic performance of submerged breakwaters that are created by lowering the crest of existing emerged breakwaters. Additionally, two-dimensional numerical simulations were performed using IH2VOF to investigate wave interactions with the structures.

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“…For instance, Stagnitti et al [2] demonstrated that traditional formulas for the prediction of mean wave overtopping discharge may fail in representing the hydraulic response of non-conventional damaged and upgraded rubble-mound structures, with estimates up to 300 times higher and 0.9 times lower than the observed values for low and highenergy sea states, respectively. As a consequence, the use of traditional formulations for the probabilistic assessment of the performances of damaged and upgraded rubble-mound breakwaters may cause under or over-estimation of the failure probability of the structure due to excessive mean wave overtopping discharge by up to 70% [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Van Gent Parameters on the Overtopping Discharge of a Rubble Mound Breakwater

Castiglione

Stagnitti

Musumeci

et al. 2023

JMSE

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The choice of the values of the friction parameters may strongly influence the numerical modeling of the interaction between waves and porous media. Here, an assessment of such an influence is carried out using the OpenFOAM solver IhFoamV1 to simulate the response of the Catania harbor breakwater under extreme wave attack. The numerical model was validated by comparison with an experimental dataset, and a sensitivity analysis of the overtopping discharge estimate to van Gent parameter β was carried out testing values suggested by previous studies. A discussion on the importance of a careful estimate of such a parameter when dealing with the numerical modeling of porous coastal structures is presented. Indeed, variations in the non-dimensional overtopping discharge higher than 150% were observed as a consequence of a small variation (10–20%) in the absolute value of β.

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Assessment of the variation of failure probability of upgraded rubble-mound breakwaters due to climate change

Cited by 8 publications

References 65 publications

Assessment of the Failure Probability of Upgraded Rubble-Mound Breakwaters

Assessment of the Failure Probability of Upgraded Rubble-Mound Breakwaters

Analisis Of Upgrading Low-Crested Structures As An Adaptation Measure To Climate Change For Coastal Protection: A Hybrid Approach

Influence of Van Gent Parameters on the Overtopping Discharge of a Rubble Mound Breakwater

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