Assessment of the Vitreomacular Interface Using High-Resolution OCT in a Population-Based Cohort Study of Older Adults

Abstract

Belfast provide core financial support for the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA). Macular Society, College of Optometrists and Diabetes UK funded individual researchers. The sponsors and funding organisations had no role in the design or conduct of this research. No conflicting relationship exists for any author Running head: Vitreomacular interface features in NICOLA vitreomacular adhesion (VMA), vitreomacular interface (VMI), Vitreomacular traction (VMT), full thickness macular hole (FTMH), lamellar macular hole (LMH), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), epiretinal membrane (ERM), optical coherent tomography (OCT), the International Vitreomacular Traction Study (IVTS), spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT), Northern Ireland Cohort Study for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA), computer 32 assisted home interview (CAPI), self-completion questionnaires (SCQ), Northern Ireland 33 Clinical Research Facility (NICRF), Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy (ETDRS), Colour fundus photography (CFP), multicolour (MC), Network of Ophthalmic Reading Centres UK (NetWORC UK), psuedo macular hole (PMH), macular hole (MH), body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Choroidal neovascularisation (CNV), geographic atrophy (GA), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), confidence intervals (CI), odds ratios (OR).

Prevalence of Vitreoretinal Interface Disorders in an Australian Population

“…Male sex was associated with VMA. A similar result was reported in the NICOLA Study, 5 Alienor Study, 28 and Beijing Eye Study. 17 The reasons for this are unclear, but may be related to lower levels of hyaluronic acid in women, leading to earlier PVD.…”

“…17 The low prevalence of VMA (signifying incomplete PVD) in those 85 years of age and older in our study also supports this proposition. Pseudophakia and myopia were associated with presence of ERM, as has been reported in the NICOLA Study, 5 Alienor Study, 14 Beaver Dam Eye Study, 3 Gutenberg Study, 4 and other studies. 7,19,21 This is consistent with the role of PVD in ERM formation, because both pseudophakia and myopia are associated with PVD, which then leads to ERM.…”

“…This is unlikely to have occurred because other surveys in younger participants have not reported an association of smoking with VRI disorder prevalence. 1,5 In conclusion, this report found a high prevalence of VRI abnormalities diagnosed from OCT. Increasing age was associated strongly and positively with ERM and was associated inversely with VMA. Most VMAs were broad based, whereas most VMTs were focal.…”

“…To date, only a small number of population-based studies have reported VRI prevalence based on OCT imaging, 1e5 and even fewer on ocular and systemic associations. 4,5 Such data are needed to determine the public health impact of VRI abnormalities on visual function. This is particularly relevant given the availability of surgical and, more recently, nonoperative interventions such as pneumatic vitreolysis to treat VRI abnormalities.…”

Etiologies and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Macular Hole: A 8-Years Single-Center Retrospective Study

“…Furthermore, in addition to the effect of PVD on formation of FTMH, lower concentration of collagen, protein and hyaluronic acid can prompt the MH development. 23 The exact mechanism of TMH following blunt trauma is still controversial, it is generally believed that the blunt trauma leads to foveal tissue loss caused by anteroposterior vitreous traction on the fovea. A sudden decrease in the globe's anterior-posterior diameter causes a equatorial expansion of globe, resulting in horizontal and tangential forces and splitting of the retinal layers at the fovea.…”