Assessment of the Vulnerability of the Population on Sari-Dzhas Autonomous Focus of Plague, Kyrgyzstan

Шабунин, Антон; Сариева, Гульмира; Sariyeva, Gulmira; Абдикаримов, Сабиржан; Maimulov, Ravshan; Bazarkanova, Gulnara; Джапарова, А. К.; Dzhaparova, Aygul; Абдел, Зият; Абдел, З. Ж.; Сагиев, З. А.; Sagiyev, Zaurbek; Мусагалиева, Р. С.; Mussagaliyeva, Raikhan; Abdirassilova, Aigul; Aitbaeva, Z.T.; Aytbaeva, Zharkinay; Калдыбаев, Бакыт

doi:10.12737/article_59fad5258950d0.72474236

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“…In the Tien Shan mountain focus of plague, the gray marmot is known as the main carrier of plague pathogen, with other rodents serving as secondary hosts (2, 8, 32, 33). The spatial distribution of marmots within plague focus is related mainly to local landscape and climatic conditions, as well as to different human activity–animal grazing, hunting, and tourism that are intensively developing during the last decade, but unequally presented in different sectors (21). Actually, the high-altitude pastures for horses and sheep (so called “syrts”) are more distant from human settlements in the Upper-Naryn area than in Sari-Dzhas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maps are constructed in UTM—the Mercater projection (WGS 84). The boundaries of the foci are plotted along the boundaries of the sectors (21).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The collapse of the Soviet Union and subsequent separation of anti-plague station in Kyrgyzstan from the federal anti-plague system led to dramatic reduction of plague investigations and plague control measures. During the last couple of decades, the density of marmots was significantly reduced as a result of chemical suppression in the 1960s, increased hunting of marmots, habitat destruction, and climate changes (6–8, 21). This raises the question whether the changes in rodent communities in these areas affected marmots playing a leading role in circulation of plague pathogen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marmots and Yersinia pestis Strains in Two Plague Endemic Areas of Tien Shan Mountains

Sariyeva

Bazarkanova²,

Maimulov³

et al. 2019

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The main purpose of this study was to clarify the role of gray marmots ( Marmota baibacina ) in the long-term maintenance of highly virulent strains of Yersinia pestis in two plague endemic foci of the Tien Shan Mountains in Kyrgyzstan. We present data from regular observations of populations of M. baibacina and small rodents cohabiting with marmots in the mountainous grasslands of the Sari-Dzhas (east of Issyk-Kul Lake) and the Upper-Naryn (south of Issyk-Kul Lake) natural foci. During 2012–2017, an abundance of marmots and their ectoparasites (fleas and ticks) was significantly higher in Upper-Naryn comparing to Sari-Dzhas, although there were no differences in a number and diversity of small rodents cohabiting with marmots. The plague bacterium was detected either in marmots or in their ectoparasites collected during 4 of 6 years of observation in Sari-Dzhas and during 2 of 4 years of observation in Upper-Naryn. Plague was found in three sectors situated closely to each other in Sari-Dzhas and in 1 of 8 repeatedly surveyed sectors in Upper-Naryn. During 6 years, we isolated 9 strains of Y. pestis from marmots, two from their fleas Oropsylla silantiewi , one from an unidentified tick, and one from the gray hamster ( Cricetulus migratorius ). All plague strains isolated from the rodents and their ectoparasites in this study were similar to Antiqua biovar specific for marmots. The results indicate that plague can circulate continuously in the Tien Shan Mountains in populations of gray marmots and their ectoparasites with a facultative involvement of other rodent species after significant changes in rodent communities that happened in Kyrgyzstan during the previous two decades. The simultaneous field survey of two natural foci of plague, Sari-Dzhas, and Upper-Naryn, would be important for further analysis of circulation of Y. pestis strains belonging to Antiqua biovar in the Tien Shan Mountains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maps are constructed in UTM—the Mercater projection (WGS 84). The boundaries of the foci are plotted along the boundaries of the sectors (21).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marmots and Yersinia pestis Strains in Two Plague Endemic Areas of Tien Shan Mountains

Sariyeva

Bazarkanova²,

Maimulov³

et al. 2019

Front. Vet. Sci.

Self Cite

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Assessment of the Vulnerability of the Population on Sari-Dzhas Autonomous Focus of Plague, Kyrgyzstan

Abstract: ASSESSMENT OF THE VULNERABILITY OF THE POPULATION ON SARI-DZHAS AUTONOMOUS FOCUS OF PLAGUE, KYRGYZSTAN

Cited by 1 publication

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Marmots and Yersinia pestis Strains in Two Plague Endemic Areas of Tien Shan Mountains

Marmots and Yersinia pestis Strains in Two Plague Endemic Areas of Tien Shan Mountains

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