Assessment of tuberculosis disease activity in people infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and living with HIV: A longitudinal cohort study

Kroidl, Inge; Ahmed, Mohamed; Horn, Sacha; Polyak, Christina S.; Esber, Allahna; Parikh, Ajay; Eller, Leigh Anne; Kibuuka, Hannah; Semwogerere, Michael; Mwesigwa, Betty; Naluyima, Prossy; Kasumba, Joy Mary; Maswai, Jonah; Owuoth, John; Sing’oei, Valentine; Rono, Eric; Loose, Rebecca; Höelscher, Michael; Ake, Julie A; Geldmacher, Christof

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101470

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…A meta-analysis involving 16 studies showed that the positive rate of IGRA increased with age [ 15 ]. The activation of MTB-specific CD4 T cells decreased after anti-tuberculosis treatment [ 16 ], which may be the reason for the increased proportion of IGRA-negative in active tuberculosis patients with anti-tuberculosis treatment for more than 1 month in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Host factors associated with false negative results in an interferon‐γ release assay in adults with active tuberculosis

Liu,

Yang,

Wen

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Host factors associated with false negative results in an interferon‐γ release assay in adults with active tuberculosis

Liu,

Yang,

Wen

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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Evaluating the modulation of peripheral immune profile in people living with HIV and (Neuro)cysticercosis

Lema,

Prodjinotho,

Makasi

et al. 2024

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background The parasitic infection caused by Taenia solium represents a significant public health concern in developing countries. Larval invasion of body tissues leads to cysticercosis (CC), while central nervous system (CNS) involvement results in neurocysticercosis (NCC). Both conditions exhibit diverse clinical manifestations, and the potential impact of concomitant HIV infection especially prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa on peripheral and CNS immune responses remains poorly understood. This study aimed to identify the potential impact of HIV coinfection in CC and NCC patients. Methodology A nested study within a cross-sectional analysis in two Tanzanian regions was performed and 234 participants (110 HIV+ and 124 HIV-) were tested for cysticercosis antibodies, antigens, CD4 counts and serum Th1 and Th2 cytokines via multiplex bead-based immunoassay. 127 cysticercosis seropositive individuals underwent cranial computed tomography (CCT) and clinical symptoms were assessed. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with cytokine modulation due to HIV in CC and NCC patients. Results Serologically, 18.8% tested positive for cysticercosis antibodies, with no significant difference HIV+ and HIV+. A significantly higher rate of cysticercosis antigen positivity was found in HIV+ individuals (43.6%) compared to HIV- (28.2%) (p = 0.016). CCT scans revealed that overall 10.3% had active brain cysts (NCC+). Our study found no significant changes in the overall cytokine profiles between HIV+ and HIV- participants coinfected CC and NCC, except for IL-5 which was elevated in HIV+ individuals with cysticercosis. Furthermore, HIV infection in general was associated with increased levels of pro-and some anti-inflammatory cytokines e.g. TNF-α, IL-8, and IFN-γ. However, based on the interaction analyses, no cytokine changes were observed due to HIV in CC or NCC patients. Conclusions In conclusion, while HIV infection itself significantly modulates levels of key cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-8, and IFN-γ, it does not modulate any cytokine changes due to CC or NCC. This underscores the dominant influence of HIV on the immune system and highlights the importance of effective antiretroviral therapy in managing immune responses in individuals coinfected with HIV and CC/NCC.

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Peripheral blood cellular dynamics during the progression of human tuberculosis

Gu,

Zhu,

Yan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains a significant global health challenge. The composition of peripheral blood immune cells offers valuable insights into the progression and management of TB. In this study, we analyzed cellular dynamics across the TB disease spectrum using 43 global transcriptomic datasets encompassing 5,902 blood samples. Our findings reveal distinct immune changes during the early stages of TB progression. As latent TB infection (LTBI) transitions to incipient TB (ITB), monocyte proportions increase, while natural killer (NK) cell counts decline. In subclinical TB (STB), monocyte levels rise further, alongside reductions in NK cells and B cells. These early immune shifts precede the pronounced alterations observed in active TB (ATB), where elevated monocytes and neutrophils are accompanied by significant decrease in lymphocyte populations, including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B cells, and NK cells. During successful anti-TB treatment (ATT), immune profiles gradually normalize, characterized by reductions in monocytes and neutrophils and increases in lymphocyte populations. Factors such as TB burden, age, and HIV co-infection influence these cellular dynamics, with adults and individuals in low TB burden regions exhibiting more pronounced immune responses. This study implies the potential of early-stage peripheral blood biomarkers, such as NK cell changes, for detecting TB progression and facilitating targeted preventive interventions. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of diverse datasets in improving the reliability of discoveries and advancing TB diagnostics and treatment strategies.

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Assessment of tuberculosis disease activity in people infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and living with HIV: A longitudinal cohort study

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Host factors associated with false negative results in an interferon‐γ release assay in adults with active tuberculosis

Host factors associated with false negative results in an interferon‐γ release assay in adults with active tuberculosis

Evaluating the modulation of peripheral immune profile in people living with HIV and (Neuro)cysticercosis

Peripheral blood cellular dynamics during the progression of human tuberculosis

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