Assessment of two-year survival rate after acute myocardial infarction in patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism during novel coronavirus infection pandemic

Abstract

Relevance. There are limited data on the long-term outcomes of patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) during the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020.
 Objective. To assess the 24-month survival rate among patients with IGT and previous myocardial infarction in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the same period in 2019.
 Materials and methods. We assessed the two-year survival rate of patients with MI and IGT from 10/1/2020 to12/10/2020 during the indirect influence of the pandemic compared to the same period in pre-pandemic 2019. The study was single-center, retrospective.
 Results. 179 persons in 2020 and 261 persons in 2019 with MI and IGT applied to a regional center to perform percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI center). There was an increase in mortality from MI and IGT from 4.1 % in 2019 to 9.9 % (p = 0.04) in the “pandemic” year of 2020. The relapse-free survival of patients was analyzed using the Kaplan – Meier curve method. By the end of the first year in 2020, 82.1 % of patients remained from the original, and in 2019 – 88.1 %, (p = 0.001), at the end of the 24-month observation period – 78.2 % among patients with MI in 2020 and 83.5 % in 2019, (p = 0.0015).
 Conclusions. A retrospective analysis of cases with MI and IGT during a pandemic in Russia showed the worst prognoses for the two-year survival rate among patients, more severe heart attacks with increased number of complications.