Assessment of Ultraviolet (Uv) Radiation From Technical Sources/Dirbtinių Šaltinių Skleidžiamos Uva Ir Uvb Spinduliuotės Įvertinimas/Определение Уфа- И Уфб-Излучений От Техногенных Источников

Chadyšienė, Renata; Girgždys, Aloyzas

doi:10.3846/1648-6897.2009.17.164-170

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) declares which part of UVC spectrum with wave lengths below 180 nm (vacuum UV) are readily absorbed in air (17). That was consistent with study by Klein et al in which the results revealed using more sensitive spectroradiometer and UV irradiance was discernible at 300 nm, and in less values, wave length of the UV irradiance was not detected, while all of bulbs emit UV in the UVA and UVB range (16) (20). The highest UVA irradiance was recorded in 90°, for UVA radiation, occupational exposure limited should be limited to 1.04166 W.m -2 , of all of the bulbs tested, the Etehad appear to be the safest.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Evaluation of Ultra Violet Emissions Radiated from Compact Fluorescent Lamps of Iranian Current Brands

et al. 2013

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Background:Compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) is a developed fluorescent lamp type designed to saving energy. CFLs can cause an increased health risk to humans due to the ultraviolet radiation. Objectives: The current study aimed to assess the ultraviolet radiation emitted from compact fluorescent lamps in highly used Iranian brands. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 16 CFLs that were manufactured by four Iranian manufacturers including: Pars Khazar, Parmis, Etehad and Nama Noor. The CFLs were marked as 11, 18, 40 and 60 Watt. Measurement was done in 10, 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 cm in three angles including 0°, 45° and 90° using a calibrated UV-meter. All the CFLs are aged for one hundred hours in the laboratory. The information was analyzed using SPSS-20 and ANOVA test. Results: Measurement of UV showed that UVC emission was not observed at the distance of 10 cm in all of CFLs lamps. UVB irradiance in most of lamps in 10 and 25 cm was more than occupational exposure limits (OEL), but in 50 cm was less than OEL. One way ANOVA indicated that differences between UVB irradiance of four brands of lamps were not significant statistically (P > 0.05). UVA irradiance of all CFLs lamps in 25 cm was less than OEL. One way ANOVA indicated that differences between UVA statistically were not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, authors recommended that CFLs lamps, due to UV radiation, especially in UVB span, be used at distances greater than 25 cm.Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL) is a developed fluorescent lamp type designed for saving energy. CFLs can cause the health risk increase in humans due to the ultraviolet radiation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Evaluation of Ultra Violet Emissions Radiated from Compact Fluorescent Lamps of Iranian Current Brands

et al. 2013

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“…LSR increases from water (blue dots) to vegetated areas (green cluster), to arid zones (yellow cluster) with the highest resultant returns from snow/ice-affected zones (purple cluster). This finding agrees with some previous works, such as Chadysiene and Girgzdys 9 who had demonstrated that snow and sand surfaces reflect ~ 80% and ~ 25% of UV radiation, respectively, while grass yields the weakest reflectance. More interestingly, the difference between the strongest signal (snow) and weakest signal (water) in LSR, we revealed, is similar to the difference between dark and white surfaces, reported by the early work of Reagan and Zielinski 8 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In practice, the earlier work of Reagan and Zelinski 8 suggested that the lidar sensitivity of white surfaces (e.g., snow) is ~ 20 times greater than that of dark soil at visible wavelengths. Some further studies predicted that the backscatter lidar signals from white surfaces would be especially high at 355 nm 9 . Weiler 4 more recently used 355 nm data from the Aeolus pre-launch dedicated Airborne Demonstrator consisting of a High-Spectral resolution wind UV lidar that had been specifically developed to follow a similar measurement principle and specification 10 of the spaceborne instrument ALADIN planned for the Aeolus mission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High sensitivity of Aeolus UV surface returns to surface reflectivity

Labzovskii,

van Zadelhoff,

Tilstra

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Global ultraviolet (UV) surface reflectivity climatologies are all composed from daylight passive remote sensing observations of reflected UV light, generally integrated over a distribution of attainable reflection directions. We discovered the sensitivity of Aeolus lidar surface returns (LSR) to surface characteristics, providing the first evidence that active remote sensing can be effectively used for retrieving unidirectional UV surface reflectivity on global scales. LSR reproduces surface reflectivity monthly changes in Sahara, which are visible in the Lambertian Equivalent Reflectivity (LER) climatologies from TROPOMI and GOME-2. Very high correlations (r > 0.90) between gridded LSR and the LER climatologies are reported at global and regional scales for 36 different regions. Three clear land cover gradients are discerned from Aeolus LSR signal: (1) water/land, (2) vegetation/arid areas and (3) no snow/snow. The strongest LSR signal was retrieved over snow, while over vegetation, we found moderate negative agreement (r < − 0.60) between LSR and vegetation index proxy. Overall, the success of the first active remote sensing method for retrieving unidirectional UV surface reflectivity using Aeolus is demonstrated. Our approach can be effectively used to detect unresolved land and, especially, snow cover changes in high latitudes because, unlike passive instruments, Aeolus also provided nighttime observations.

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“…In Table 2, the mean values between 150 and 180s of irradiation time are presented. The fluence rate strongly decreased with increasing DTL and is conversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source (Jin et al, 2005) or coincide with the power trend line (fluence rate x DTL) (Chadyšiene et al, 2009). These findings were validated and resulted in R² ranging from 0.995 (0 HDPE) to 1.000 ( 4 1.67 ± 0.01 19.4% 3.2.…”

Section: Uvc Transmission Of Hdpe-foilmentioning

confidence: 62%

The potential of UVC decontamination to prolong shelf-life of par-baked bread

Debonne

Thys

Eeckhout

et al. 2023

Food sci. technol. int.

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The effect of UVC (254 nm) treatment on the mould-free shelf-life of par-baked wholemeal, rye and six-grain bread was examined. Currently, these breads are par-baked, wrapped in high-density polyethylene (HDPE)-foil and transported or stored at room temperature for a couple of days before being full-baked and sold/consumed. Generally, after five days, these breads show signs of mould spoilage. A shelf-life increase in one or more days would already offer immense economical and logistic benefits for the baker or retailer. In this study, the parameters fluence rate (irradiation intensity), fluence (UV dose), distance to the UV-lamp (DTL) and number of layers of a common wrapping HDPE-foil (20 µm) were diversified. The breads were subjected to a UVC treatment (0–2502 mJ/cm²), packed and stored at room temperature for a period of 15 days (21.5 ± 0.8°C). Similar as for the breads, agar plates with mould spores of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus montevidensis and Penicillium roqueforti were UVC treated (0–1664 mJ/cm²) and checked daily for visible mould growth during 15 days (25°C). Aspergillus niger showed the strongest resistance towards UVC, a fluence of 800 mJ/cm² was needed to inhibit growth during 15 days of storage, whereas for P. roqueforti and A. montevidensis, respectively, UV levels of 291 and 133 mJ/cm² were found sufficient. Furthermore, the shelf-life of wholemeal, rye and six-grain bread can be prolonged from 5 to 6, 8 and 9 days, respectively, using 2502 mJ/cm². The effect of higher UVC dosage on shelf-life reached a maximal level and was strongly impacted by the wide spread on data of mould-free shelf-life. The main factors influencing the potential of UV decontamination were the rough bread surface, differences in DTL, the possibility of post-contamination and UV permeability of packaging materials.

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Assessment of Ultraviolet (Uv) Radiation From Technical Sources/Dirbtinių Šaltinių Skleidžiamos Uva Ir Uvb Spinduliuotės Įvertinimas/Определение Уфа- И Уфб-Излучений От Техногенных Источников

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Evaluation of Ultra Violet Emissions Radiated from Compact Fluorescent Lamps of Iranian Current Brands

Evaluation of Ultra Violet Emissions Radiated from Compact Fluorescent Lamps of Iranian Current Brands

High sensitivity of Aeolus UV surface returns to surface reflectivity

The potential of UVC decontamination to prolong shelf-life of par-baked bread

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