Assessment of Urban Heat Islands in Small- and Mid-Sized Cities in Brazil

Cardoso, Renata dos Santos; Dorigon, Larissa Piffer; Teixeira, Danielle Cardozo Frasca; Amorim, Margarete Cristiane de Costa Trindade

doi:10.3390/cli5010014

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Larger cities are associated with higher UHI intensity [47][48][49] and several of such cities have been studied in recent years [10,13,41,[50][51][52]. Small cities receive less attention, although occasional studies [53][54][55] show that there are urban climate issues that should be considered in this city size scale, including the UHI effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Cold and Heat Island in the City of Bragança (Portugal)

Gonçalves

Ornellas

Ribeiro

et al. 2018

Climate

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The thermal environment is an important aspect of the urban environment because it affects the quality of life of urban residents and the energy use in buildings. Urban Heat Island (UHI) and Urban Cold Island (UCI) are complementary effects that are the consequence of cities’ structures interference with the local climate. This article presents results from five years of urban climate monitoring (2012–2016) in a small Portuguese city (Bragança) using a dense meteorological network of 23 locations covering a wide array of Local Climate Zones (LCZ), from urban areas to nearby rural areas. Results show the presence of both the UHI effect, from mid-afternoon until sunrise, and the UCI after sunrise, both being more intense under the dense midrise urban context and during the summer. Urban Green Spaces had an impact on both UHI and UCI, with an important role in cooling areas of the city during daytime in the summer. Other LCZs had less impact on local thermal conditions. Despite the small size of this city, both effects (UHI and UCI) had a relevant intensity with an impact on local climate conditions. Both effects tend to decrease in intensity with increasing wind speed and precipitation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Cold and Heat Island in the City of Bragança (Portugal)

Gonçalves

Ornellas

Ribeiro

et al. 2018

Climate

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“…O crescimento demográfico exponencial não planejado da maioria das áreas urbanas tem demonstrado influência direta nos padrões microclimáticos e topoclimáticos em cidades pequenas, médias e de grande porte (Lombardo, 1985;Monteiro, 1990;Alcoforrado;Andrade, 2006;Sant' Anna Neto;Dubreuil, 2009;Cardoso et al, 2017;Amorim, 2018). Além disso, a impermeabilização do solo, as alterações da estrutura vertical do local com a construção de edifícios alteram as propriedades térmicas, hidrológicas e de circulação atmosférica da superfície e baixa troposfera, favorecendo principalmente o aumento das temperaturas e redução da umidade do ar (Porangaba;.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Zonas Climáticas Urbanas em Cidade de Pequeno Porte

Gobo

Bibiano

Galvani

2019

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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Esta pesquisa está baseada na análise de dados primários coletados no município de Espírito Santo do Pinhal - SP, com a finalidade de identificar diferentes Urban Climate Zones (UCZ) e suas relações com o vapor d’água atmosférico. Para isso, utilizou-se seis mini estações meteorológicas instaladas a um metro do solo que coletaram a temperatura e umidade relativa do ar em diferentes setores da cidade e em um setor rural durante três dias antes e três dias depois de cada efeméride do ano de 2012. Por meio de equações obteve-se a umidade absoluta desses setores. Foi possível identificar que os contrastes térmicos e higrométricos estão diretamente relacionados aos atributos climáticos, a morfologia das construções, e os fatores naturais, como a vegetação, e não necessariamente tem maior intensidade no setor mais urbanizado. A maior diferença térmica encontrada foi de 6,8° C numa madrugada de inverno entre a zona rural e um bairro nobre. Todavia, identificou-se fortes evidências de que os micro climas estão subordinados aos sistemas atmosféricos de escala regional, e podem se tornar de difícil identificação em condições atmosféricas muito instáveis. Urban Climate Zones and Small City A B S T R A C TThis research is based on the analysis of primary data collected in the city of Espírito Santo do Pinhal - SP to identify different Urban Climate Zones (UCZ) and their relationships with atmospheric water vapor. For this purpose, six mini meteorological stations were installed, one meter from the ground that collected the temperature and relative humidity of the air in different sectors of the city and in a rural sector for three days before and three days after each ephemeris of the year 2012. The absolute humidity of these sectors was obtained by means of equations. It was possible to identify that thermal and hygrometric contrasts are directly related to climatic attributes, the morphology of buildings, and natural factors, such as vegetation, and not necessarily more intense in the more urbanized sector. The greatest thermal difference was found to be 6.8°C in the winter dawn between the countryside and a noble neighborhood. However, strong evidence has been found that micro climates are subordinate to regional-scale atmospheric systems, and may become difficult to identify under very unstable atmospheric conditions.Keywords: Urban heat island, Espírito Santo do Pinhal, Absolute humidity, Urban Climate, Thermal Field.

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“…However, most climatic studies in medium-sized urban areas are related to general analyzes of urban climate and heat island [41][42][43], with gaps in terms of thermal comfort studies [44][45][46][47][48][49] or seeking the construction of an adequate thermal comfort model for these types of environments [50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical Model of Thermal Comfort for Medium-Sized Cities in Subtropical Climate

et al. 2019

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The present study sought to elaborate an empirical model of thermal comfort for medium-sized cities in subtropical climate, based on a cross-sectional survey in the city of Santa Maria, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The research was based on the collection of meteorological, subjective and individual data collected simultaneously in August 2015, January and July 2016, which were submitted to multiple linear regression for the elaboration of the Bioclimatic Model for Subtropical Medium-Sized Cities (MBCMS). The proposed model was validated through a normality test, obtained by the measure of obliquity and kurtosis of the distribution, heteroscedasticity and covariance, as well as by the comparison between already traditional models in the literature, such as PET, SET and PMV, which were calibrated to the study area, and the results observed for MBCMS. The results presented high multiple R-squared and adjusted R-squared, 0.928 and 0.925, respectively, for the proposed model, as well as an F-statistic of 447.6. In the validation, the MBCMS presented R equal to 0.83 and an accuracy score 60% more efficient than the PET, SET and PMV indexes.

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Assessment of Urban Heat Islands in Small- and Mid-Sized Cities in Brazil

Cited by 36 publications

References 33 publications

Urban Cold and Heat Island in the City of Bragança (Portugal)

Urban Cold and Heat Island in the City of Bragança (Portugal)

Zonas Climáticas Urbanas em Cidade de Pequeno Porte

Empirical Model of Thermal Comfort for Medium-Sized Cities in Subtropical Climate

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