Assessment of Urinary Iodine Level and Its Relation to Thyroid Function in Sample of Egyptian Pregnant Females in 1st Trimester

Abstract

Background: Thyroid disorders are considered the second most common endocrine disorders affecting women during their reproductive years and can impact up to 4% of all pregnancies. Of all thyroid disorders, hypothyroidism is the most prevalent, impacting approximately 2-3% of all pregnancies. Hyperthyroidism is far less prevalent, impacting approximately 0.2% of all pregnancies. Aim of the Work: To assess the level of urinary iodine in 1st trimester of pregnancy and its relation with thyroid hormones level and autoimmunity status. Subjects and Methods:To elucidate this aim 100 healthy pregnant female in their 1st trimester of pregnancy were included in the study. They were collected from Obstetrics and Gynecology Department El Demerdash hospital and Dar El shefa Hospital in the period from September, 2020 to November, 2020.Results: Median urinary iodine was 55(41.0-76.0) µg/l and their was99 females had insufficient iodine intake less than 150µg /l, one had adequate intake (150-249) µg /l and none showed more than necessary intake (250-499) µg /l or excessive intake more than 500 µg /l. As regard thyroid ultrasound there was normal Thyroid volume in 94 subjects,(94.0%)., increased volume in 6 subjects (6%). There was a Significant negative correlation between each of the following the age and the gestational age; and urinary iodine Conclusion: There was a significant iodine deficiency in pregnant women within the study area, indicating that some women may need to increase their iodine intake during pregnancy. Additionally, diagnosis and treatment of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy should be based on pregnancy and method specific reference intervals, and more detailed staging is needed to assess pregnant women's thyroid function.