Assessment of Vitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been proposed as a risk factor for diabetes mellitus type 2(DM type 2). Insulin receptor gene expression and insulin secretion are modulated by vitamin D, indicating their role in the pathogenesis and development of DM type 2. Furthermore, elevated PTH levels may play a role in the etiology of metabolic syndrome (MS), through an association with its individual components or via insulin resistance. Aim:This study aimed to investigate the role of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in glycemic control of DM type 2. Materials and Methods: The study included 90 participants: 6o patients diagnosed as DM type 2 and 30 healthy age and sex-matched subjects as control. All studied subjects underwent full history taking and complete physical examination. Laboratory tests included fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, lipid profile, vitamin D and parathyroid hormone serum levels. Results: As regard 25(OH) vitamin D levels, 78.33% of patients were deficient or insufficient, compared to 20% of control subjects that were deficient or insufficient. 25(OH) vitamin D levels showed a significant negative correlation with age (p= 0.002), weight (p=0.0001), BMI (p=0.0001) , FBG (p=0.0001), HbA1C (p=0.0001) and TG (p=0.002). Along with a significant positive correlation with HDL-C (p= 0.0001). PTH levels showed a significant negative correlation with HDL-c (P= 0.0001), 25(OH) vitamin D (P=0.001), in addition to a significant positive correlation with weight (P=0.0001), BMI (P=0.0001), FBG (P=0.005) and HbA1c (P=0.0001). Conclusion: Not only vitamin D but also parathyroid hormone may play a role in glycemic control in patients with DM Type 2