Assessment of Water Quality and Heavy Metals Contamination of River Ravi in Pakistan

Shafi, Javairia

doi:10.21743/pjaec/2018.12.19

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, surficial sediment was unpolluted with Cu, Ni, Cr, Ag, Mn, Fe, As, Co but moderately polluted with Cd. Some studies conducted on some rivers have implicated high load of Cd [34][35][36][37] and literature reveals that high load of Cd is common in soils and groundwater of the tropics [1,25,38].…”

Section: Figure 3 Heavy Metal Pollution Load Index In Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemometric Assessment of Orashi River after Confluence with Oguta Lake

Enyoh¹,

Wirnkor

Ngozi

et al. 2019

IJFAC

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This study was carried out to evaluate the surficial water and sediment of Orashi River after confluence with Oguta. A total of 50 sub-samples were collected for the two media and was homogenized to form 10 composite samples (5 each). Water and sediment samples were analyzed for heavy metals concentrations and physico-chemical parameters. Data obtained was interpreted using ten chemometric models and standards of the Federal Ministry of Environment as touchstone values. Approximately 100 % of water samples were contaminated as opposed to 40 % of sediment samples. Both water and sediments showed that Cd was the highest contaminant with contamination factors of 38 and 1.52 respectively. Water revealed pollution load index higher than sediment probably due to its dissolution ability to metals. Geo accumulation index was observed to have highest value for Cd (45) at point A while Fe (> 4) at all points and same time the highest negative value. All points exhibited very high ecological risk (RI; 1112.7-1473.9) for water while sediments at those points showed low (RI < 150). The water quality index (WQI) ranged from 1633.33-2275.57 with a minimum deviation of 1910 % from WQI (100) adjudged to be unsuitable for consumption. The exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) for all sampling sites ranged from 0.17-0.25 % suggesting good water for irrigation purposes. There was low sodium absorption ratio (SAR) and cation ratio of structural stability (CROSS) for the river water showing that it is good for irrigation. The sediment quality index was all less than 1 indicating no pollution of sediment. Transfer factors followed the order As>Cd>Ag>Cr>Fe>Cu>Mn>Co>Ni. In conclusion, the water was polluted but good for irrigation use. However, continuous use could lead to health problems due to bioaccumulation of metals while sediments were generally not polluted and of good quality.

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Section: Figure 3 Heavy Metal Pollution Load Index In Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemometric Assessment of Orashi River after Confluence with Oguta Lake

Enyoh¹,

Wirnkor

Ngozi

et al. 2019

IJFAC

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“…The degraded hydrology and water quality have caused many regions are experiencing the process of rapid reduction of wetland area (Verhoeven 2014). Moreover, human impacts have depleted more than 90% of formerly important species in wetlands, accelerated loss of aquatic biodiversity and species invasions (Lotze et al, 2006;Sha et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2019). In order to alleviate the above problems, it is urgent to take measures to control wetlands degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of environmental flow regulation on survival of aquatic organisms: a case study of Cyprinus Carpio in Baiyangdian, China

Ma,

You

2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Decreasing water volume and increasing pollutants in wetlands pose challenges to aquatic life.Environmental ow regulation is a widely used to improve the living environment of aquatic organisms, but it's effectiveness needs to be evaluated. In this study, the hydrodynamic and water quality models are used to simulate the elds of ow, temperature and pollutants and the Ecological Niche Modelling at the MetaLand EcologyLab (ENMTML) is utilized to evaluate the area of suitable habitats of aquatic organisms in the cases of environmental ow regulation and no environmental ow regulation conditions. The typical wetland of Baiyangdian in northern China is selected as the studied area and the important economic sh Cyprinus carpio is select as the indicator aquatic species to show the effectiveness of environmental ow regulation. The study period is from December 1, 2017 to July 1, 2018. The results indicate that for Cyprinus carpio in Baiyangdian Wetland, the variables of water depth, dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and Chlorophyll a (Chla) are the major environmental factors which determines the variability of suitable habitat extent. The environmental ow regulation amount for the Baiyangdian Wetland is 2.6 10 8 m 3 , which produces a suitable breeding habitat area of 135.532 km 2 at the end of the water supply period. Comparing with no environmental ow regulation case, the suitable habitats areas is enlarged by 56.29 and 31.83 km 2 of the highly and moderately suitable habitats for Cyprinus carpio, respectively. The outcomes of this study provide not only a basic reference for wetland management, but also a scienti c perspective understanding of the environmental ow regulation on aquatic organisms. The proposed method combining MIKE 21 model with the ENMTML package is shown to have the potential to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental ow regulation in wetlands.

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“…In Pakistan, various anthropological activities and overfishing have led to the loss of biodiversity in our natural water bodies and reduction in wild fish catches (Shafi et al, 2018). Sustainable development of aquaculture sector is, therefore, a crucial prerequisite to ensure the food security for the increasing population of the country and to fill the gap between the demand and supply of fish and fish products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Substrates on Fish Production and Water Quality in Periphyton Based Polyculture of Major Carps

2020

THE JAPS

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The study was designed to assess the effects of periphyton grown on different substrates on water quality and production of major carps cultured in zero water exchange system. Three experimental treatments included; T1 (Control): without substrate, T2: using PVC pipes substrates, T3, using Bamboo poles substrates. Fish seed of Labeo rohita: Cirrhinus mrigala and Gibelion catla were stocked in cemented tanks in 1:1:1 ratio at stocking density of 3 fishm-2 for 60 days period. Survival rate of L. rohita, C. mrigala and G. catla was significantly higher (p<0.05) in substrates based treatments. In T1, T2 & T3, it was found to be 34.09%, 81.82% & 90.91% for L. rohita; 22.73%, 100.0% & 100.0% for C. mrigala and 36.36%, 90.91% & 100.0% for G. catla respectively. Total fish biomass of L. rohita, C. mrigala and G. catla harvested at the end of trial was 2.24, 4.32 and 1.42 times higher in treatment with bamboo poles as substrates and 1.18, 3.64 and 0.75 time higher in PVC pipes based treatment than that of control. Concentration of ammonia and nitrite was found to be significantly low in treatments with periphyton than control. High fish survival in periphyton based systems can be attributed to bioremediation through bioprocesses of their ubiquitous microbial biofilms.

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Assessment of Water Quality and Heavy Metals Contamination of River Ravi in Pakistan

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Chemometric Assessment of Orashi River after Confluence with Oguta Lake

Chemometric Assessment of Orashi River after Confluence with Oguta Lake

Impacts of environmental flow regulation on survival of aquatic organisms: a case study of Cyprinus Carpio in Baiyangdian, China

Effect of Different Substrates on Fish Production and Water Quality in Periphyton Based Polyculture of Major Carps

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