Assessment of Water Resources Carrying Risk and the Coping Behaviors of the Government and the Public

Abstract

The carrying capacity of water resources is of great significance to economic and social development, eco-environmental protection, and public health. The per capita water resources in Zhejiang Province is only 2280.8 m3, which is more likely to cause the risk of water resources carrying capacity in the case of water shortage. Therefore, this paper applies Analytic Hierarchy Process-Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation and Entropy-Principal Component Analysis to evaluate the vulnerability of disaster-bearers and the risk of disaster-causing factors; it comprehensively evaluates the risk of water resources carrying capacity in Zhejiang Province by constructing risk matrix and ranking scores. The specific results are as follows: According to the comprehensive evaluation of the vulnerability of disaster-bearers in Zhejiang Province from the three aspects of supporting force, regulating force, and pressure, the overall performance was good. In particular, the role of supporting force is the most obvious. In the risk of disaster factors, it was found that industrial structure, climate change, water use efficiency, and population structure have great influence, showing that southern Zhejiang is at a greater risk than northern Zhejiang, and western Zhejiang is at a greater risk than eastern Zhejiang, but the overall score gap is not large. Combining the two results, the order of water resources carrying risk in Zhejiang Province from low to high was Hangzhou, Ningbo, Shaoxing, Jiaxing, Huzhou, Jinhua, Quzhou, Wenzhou, Lishui, Taizhou, and Zhoushan. Finally, according to the development planning of different cities, the coping behaviors of the government and the public regarding water resources carrying risk are put forward.

Urbanization and the Emerging Water Crisis: Identifying Water Scarcity and Environmental Risk with Multiple Applications in Urban Agglomerations in Western China

“…In terms of risk, this paper uses rainfall/precipitation [35], runoff coefficient [16], per capita water resources [36], and total water supply [37] to measure risk. As the source of water resources, the change in rainfall directly affects the number of water resources.…”

“…Although some progress has been made in the study of water scarcity risk [34][35][36], some aspects still deserve further research. Firstly, previous studies have mainly focused on assessing water scarcity risk in single or multiple regions and their internal water scarcity risk [34][35][36][37], but they have focused less on assessing water scarcity risk in the western region, especially in the representative western urban agglomerations.…”

“…Although some progress has been made in the study of water scarcity risk [34][35][36], some aspects still deserve further research. Firstly, previous studies have mainly focused on assessing water scarcity risk in single or multiple regions and their internal water scarcity risk [34][35][36][37], but they have focused less on assessing water scarcity risk in the western region, especially in the representative western urban agglomerations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to carry out a comprehensive analysis of water scarcity risk and its environment in the western region of China and to reveal the actual situation of domestic, industrial, and agricultural water use risk and its environmental management in the process of urbanization.…”

Mechanism Study on the Impact of China Population Structure Change on the Water Use of the Three Main Industries

“…Xue et al [20] established a water conservation community public participation model based on Maslow's five levels of human demand theory, where economic benefits, environmental improvement benefits, and self-fulfilling satisfaction of participation will be the driving force for the model to work. In addition, the theory of water resources carrying capacity is significant for economic development, ecological environmental protection, and public health [21], involving harmony of the population structure and water resources [22], the population carrying capacity of water resources [23], and population size [24]. Meanwhile, micro-level studies have been conducted based on the above theory; Hu Zhen et al argue that the impact of household size on water consumption showed an inverted "N" trend, and in the age structure of population, the order of influence degree of water consumption was middle-aged > minors > the elderly > young adults [25].…”