Assessment Tools for the Mental Health of School-Aged Children and Adolescents Exposed to Disaster: A Systematic Review (1988-2015)

Lee, Mi‐Sun; Bhang, Soo-Young

doi:10.5765/jkacap.180002

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…When reviewing various studies related to disaster, it was found that the incidence of PTSD showed different results depending on the age of the victim, the timing of the intervention, prior experiences before the traumatic events, and the clinician who performed the evaluation 2829303132. Therefore, we focused on related studies using the measurements used in the clinicians' evaluations and structured or semi-structured interviews with the children and adolescents 33…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric Symptoms and Clinical Diagnosis in High School Students Exposed to the Sewol Ferry Disaster

Lee²,

Bae

et al. 2019

J Korean Med Sci

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BackgroundTwo hundred and fifty 11th grade students and teachers from Danwon High School drowned, during a school trip, in the Sewol Ferry Disaster. The goal of this study was to investigate the experiences of the psychiatrists who volunteered and provided psychiatric services to the students at Danwon High School.MethodsFrom the second day to the 138th day after the disaster, pro bono psychiatrists provided post-disaster interventions to the 10th and 12th-grade Danwon High School students who did not attend the trip. Officially, 167 psychiatrists conducted outreach in approximately 550 encounters. The study questionnaires were distributed retrospectively to psychiatric volunteers who conducted outreach at Danwon High School. We surveyed the pro bono psychiatrists about their experiences, including the students' chief complaints, psychiatric problems, clinical diagnoses, and psychiatrists' treatment recommendations.ResultsWe reached 72 (43.1%) of the 167 volunteers, and they reported on 212 (38.6%) of the 550 encounters. The common chief complaints were mental health problems, companion problems, and family problems. The most frequent psychiatric symptoms were anxiety (76.89%), depressive mood (51.42%), and concentration difficulty (50.94%). The most frequent clinical diagnoses of the students were normal reaction (41.04%), acute stress disorder (24.53%), adjustment disorder (17.92%), anxiety disorders (9.43%), and posttraumatic stress disorder (6.60%). More than half of the students needed “additional counseling/therapy” (41.04%) or “referral to psychiatric treatment” (14.15%).ConclusionDuring the acute aftermath of the Sewol Ferry Disaster, volunteer psychiatrists were able to provide services. These services included psychiatric assessments, crisis counseling, psychological first aid, and referrals for ongoing care. More than half of the students were perceived to have a psychiatric diagnosis, and a substantial proportion of students needed further treatment. Future research should focus on the short- and long-term effects of psychiatric interventions and the characterization of post-disaster mental health needs and service provision patterns.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric Symptoms and Clinical Diagnosis in High School Students Exposed to the Sewol Ferry Disaster

Lee²,

Bae

et al. 2019

J Korean Med Sci

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“…The SDQ questionnaire used in this research was already written in Bahasa and could be accessed freely. The SDQ was chosen as a diagnostic tool because it has been successfully implemented in many Asian countries as one of the most reliable indicators of pediatric mental disturbance (Lee & Bhang, 2018 ; Lieber, 2017 ; McDermott et al, 2005 ). One local study showed that the SDQ has good reliability, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.773 (Oktaviana & Wimbarti, 2014 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children’s psychosocial state after the 2018 Lombok earthquake

et al. 2022

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Background: The current earthquake disaster in Lombok, Indonesia, in July 2018 has caused 564 deaths, and 445.343 were evacuated to refugee camps, including children. Disasters have the potential in resulting short-and long-term effects on the psychological functioning, emotional adjustment, health, and developmental trajectory of children. Nurses play a significant role when a disaster occurs. One of the nurses’ roles is to give a traumatic healing intervention to the victims Objective: This study sought to assess children’s psychosocial state after the 2018 Lombok earthquake. Methods: A total of 189 children from five regencies in Lombok were selected to participate in the study using accidental sampling. Data were collected using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation were used for data analysis. Results: The participants consisted of 98 girls (51.9%) and 91 boys (48.1%), with the majority (n = 142 [75.1%]) being from school-aged children. The SDQ results showed that most of the children were at the abnormal stage for difficulties (n = 103 [54.5%]), and most of them were at a normal stage for strength (n = 97 [51.3%]). The cross-tabulation analysis revealed that gender might influence the SDQ score for the strength (p = 0.034), but not for difficulties (p = 0.482). However, age did not have a correlation with SDQ score, either for strength (p = 0.475) or difficulties (p = 0.836), respectively. Conclusion: The study found that children in Lombok generally displayed positive behavior and emotional progress after the earthquake. However, some children remained in distress and thus required more observation from parents or other social welfare agencies. This research may help nurses decide on their nursing care for children who experience disasters.

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“…Based on our findings, children's health, as a specific vulnerable group, needs to be assessed in disasteraffected communities. However, the literature has highlighted the assessment of children's mental health issues after disasters rather than their physical health (56)(57)(58)(59) Children experiencing disasters are vulnerable to mental health trauma, particularly in developing countries (16). Thus, providing mental health services for children may be the most important step in the assessment of health system functions after disasters.…”

Section: Environmental Health Training 63mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Health System Functions in Earthquake-stricken Regions in Kermanshah, Iran

et al. 2021

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Background: The occurrence of an earthquake in Kermanshah province in 2017 leads to death and injury of its inhabitants. Assessment of the health system functions can lead to the provision of the necessary healthcare services for the affected population post-disasters. The present study is aimed to assess the health system functions after the Kermanshah earthquake. Objectives: Assessment of health system functions in the reproductive, pediatric, and environmental health dimensions in the affected regions of Kermanshah were the research objectives. Methods: This mixed methods study was conducted in the two phases of developing a tool and assessment of the main health system functions. Content validity and reliability were measured by CVR and CVI, and Cronbach's alpha, respectively. Assessment of health system functions was conducted by the participation of 100 affected households. Results: Firstly, the primary tool was designed using 31 primary items extracted from literature review and a qualitative study. CVR and CVI of the tool were 100%, and Cronbach's alpha was 0.97. The coverage of the reproductive, environmental, and children’s health services ranged from 90 to 100% since the first day to one year after the earthquake and between 30 and 60% from one year to two years post-earthquake. Conclusions: The assessment of health system performance can provide the necessary data for effective decision making and promoting health system functions. Further research is needed to assess the functions of the health system after other natural disasters rather than earthquakes.

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Assessment Tools for the Mental Health of School-Aged Children and Adolescents Exposed to Disaster: A Systematic Review (1988-2015)

Cited by 3 publications

References 125 publications

Psychiatric Symptoms and Clinical Diagnosis in High School Students Exposed to the Sewol Ferry Disaster

Psychiatric Symptoms and Clinical Diagnosis in High School Students Exposed to the Sewol Ferry Disaster

Children’s psychosocial state after the 2018 Lombok earthquake

Assessment of Health System Functions in Earthquake-stricken Regions in Kermanshah, Iran

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