Assessment Water Quality Indices of Surface Water for Drinking and Irrigation Applications – A Comparison Review

Abstract

Water is one of the most important natural resources for all living organisms, including humans. Water consumption is increasing over the years as a result of the increase in the number of people, and at the same time, the causes of pollution of surface water sources increase. Water pollution is one of the most important causes of diseases and the transmission of infection to the organisms that use it. Also, the quality of agricultural crops is linked to the quality of the water used for irrigation. As a result, there was a need to monitor and evaluate the main water sources to maintain the quality of their water suitable for use by humans and other organisms. As is well known, it is difficult to evaluate the water quality of large samples with concentrations of many parameters using traditional methods, which depend on comparing experimentally determined parameter values with current standards. As a result, over the past century and the present, many methods of assessing water quality have emerged. This research aims to introduce the most important indices of water quality used at present to assess the quality of surface water for drinking and irrigation purposes, as well as the history of these methods and their development over time and their most important advantages, in addition to a group of the most important research that used these methods during the past few years.

Domestic and Irrigation Water Quality on the Southern Slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro

“…Parameter weighting is a crucial step to obtain the accuracy of a result and to determine the relative importance of the settings. The modi ed Weighted Water Quality Index, for example, is based on reference water quality requirements for a targeted use, reducing the risk of subjectivity (Paun et al, 2016;Tyagi et al, 2020;Al Yousif & Chabuk, 2023).…”

“…Bureau of Standards (TBS) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) guidelines for restricting irrigation water use and the potential impact on crops if the guidelines are exceeded We estimated WQIs for drinking and irrigation water quality based on the parameters described. The WQI used here is an adapted version of the Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index developed byBrown et al (1970).This index provides exibility by choosing the number and type of parameters and by selecting different types of water sources(Paun et al, 2016;Tyagi et al, 2020;Al Yousif & Chabuk, 2023…”