Assimilation of CHAMP and GRACE-A Radio Occultation Data in the GME Global Meteorological Model of the German Weather Service

Pingel, D.; Rhodin, A.; Wergen, Werner; Tomassini, Mariella; Горбунов, М. Е.; Wickert, Jens

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-10228-8_41

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Prior to the Decadal Survey, NASA's Climate Architecture Report (NASA, 2010) recognized mass change as a critical climate data record and recommended a gap filler between GRACE and a higher‐capability mission, GRACE‐2 (NASA, 2010), recommended in the US 2007 Decadal Survey (NRC, 2007). In response, NASA and GFZ (Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences) jointly pursued the GRACE Follow‐On (GRACE‐FO) mission with the primary objective of continuing and extending global measurements of monthly gravity and surface mass changes from GRACE, as well as continuing observations of atmospheric soundings from Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultations for the operational provision of vertical atmospheric temperature/humidity profiles to weather services (e.g., Anlauf et al, 2011; Pingel et al, 2010). A secondary objective was to demonstrate for the first time satellite‐to‐satellite laser ranging (Abich et al, 2019) as an enabling technology for future GRACE‐like missions and a demonstrator for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending the Global Mass Change Data Record: GRACE Follow‐On Instrument and Science Data Performance

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Flechtner

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et al. 2020

Geophysical Research Letters

435

232

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Since June, 2018, the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) is extending the 15-year monthly mass change record of the GRACE mission, which ended in June 2017. The GRACE-FO instrument and flight system performance has improved over GRACE. Better attitude solutions and enhanced pointing performance result in reduced fuel consumption and gravity range rate post-fit residuals. One accelerometer requires additional calibrations due to unexpected measurement noise. The GRACE-FO gravity and mass change fields from June 2018 through December 2019 continue the GRACE record at an equivalent precision and spatiotemporal sampling. During this period, GRACE-FO observed large interannual terrestrial water variations associated with excess rainfall (Central US, Middle East), drought (Europe, Australia), and ice melt (Greenland). These observations are consistent with independent mass change estimates, providing high confidence that no intermission biases exist from GRACE to GRACE-FO, despite the 11-month gap. GRACE-FO has also successfully demonstrated satellite-to-satellite laser ranging interferometry. Plain Language Summary Mass change is a fundamental climate system indicator and provides an integrated global view of how Earth's water cycle and energy balance are evolving. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission monitored mass changes every month from 2002 through 2017. Since June 2018, GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) continues this data record, tracking and monitoring changes in ice sheets and glaciers, near-surface and underground water storage, as well as changes in sea level and ocean currents. GRACE-FO instruments have been successfully calibrated and are providing new monthly mass change observations at a consistent spatial resolution and data quality with GRACE. Since its launch, GRACE-FO has measured record land water storage changes in 2018 and 2019 in response to extreme heat waves and droughts over Europe and Australia, as well as to extreme rainfall events over the United States and Middle East. In the summer of 2019, GRACE-FO measured record-level Greenland mass loss rates. A novel laser ranging interferometer was successfully demonstrated on GRACE-FO, laying the groundwork for improved future satellite gravity observations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%