Assisted natural recovery using a forest soil propagule bank in the athabasca oil sands.

MacKenzie, Dean; Naeth, M. Anne; Adkins, S. W.; Ashmore, Sarah; Navie, S. C.

doi:10.1079/9781845931971.0374

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Forest floor material (including the litter, fermenting litter and humus layers) and surface mineral horizons) houses a rich bud and seed bank, which serves as the main source of native species propagules for vegetation re-establishment following many natural and human-caused disturbances (Greene et al 1999;Paré et al 1993;Schimmel and Granstrom 1996). The potential of this material for use in reclamation was recognized in Australia as early as the 1970's (Grant and Koch 2007) and this approach has gained recent interest in North America (e.g., Mackenzie and Naeth 2007;Cohen-Fernandez and Naeth 2013;Skousen et al 2011;Macdonald et al 2015).…”

Section: Natural Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest restoration following surface mining disturbance: challenges and solutions

et al. 2015

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Many forested landscapes around the world are severely altered during mining for their rich mineral and energy reserves. Herein we provide an overview of the challenges inherent in efforts to restore mined landscapes to functioning forest ecosystems and present a synthesis of recent progress using examples from North America, Europe and Australia. We end with recommendations for further elaboration of the Forestry Reclamation Approach emphasizing: (1) Landform reconstruction modelled on natural systems and creation of topographic heterogeneity at a variety of scales; (2) Use and placement of overburden, capping materials and organic amendments to facilitate soil development processes and create a suitable rooting medium for trees; (3) Alignment of landform, topography, overburden, soil and tree species to create a diversity of target ecosystem types; (4) Combining optimization of stock type and planting techniques with early planting of a diversity of tree species; (5) Encouraging natural regeneration as much as possible; (6) Utilizing direct placement of forest floor material combined with seeding of native species to rapidly re-establish native forest understory vegetation; (7) Selective ongoing management to encourage development along the desired successional trajectory.

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Section: Natural Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest restoration following surface mining disturbance: challenges and solutions

et al. 2015

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“…The extensive use of peat has been motivated by its abundance in the premining landscape, while forest floor salvaged from upland areas has been shown to be an excellent source of seeds and propagules for native forest communities (Mackenzie and Naeth 2006;Naeth et al 2013). In addition, FFM may promote soil microbial activity (Béasse et al 2015), and the development of microbial communities more similar to those found on natural forest soils, although this may be due more to differences in the plant communities growing on the two types of reconstructed soils than to initial differences in the composition of PM and FFM (Hahn and Quideau 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus release from peat and forest floor-based cover soils used during oil sands reclamation

et al. 2017

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Reclamation practices in the oil sands region of Alberta involve the reconstruction of soil profiles using a combination of salvaged mineral substrates and organic-matter-rich surface materials, including peatmineral mix (PM) and forest floor -mineral mix (FFM). The successful re-establishment of vegetation on reclaimed sites is for a large part dependent on the nutrients these materials can provide. Hence, the overall objective of this study was to compare carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) release rates from PM and FFM materials used to cap reconstructed sandy soils. A 325 d laboratory incubation was conducted to measure these rates. The two materials released comparable amounts of N on a per kilogram of soil basis (111-118 mg N kg −1 ). However, when results were normalized based on each material's organic C content, N release was six times greater for FFM than for PM, in accordance with results of previous studies. In addition, overall C mineralization and P release rates were over one order of magnitude higher with FFM than with PM. As opposed to N, however, P release seemed to be controlled more by abiotic processes than by organic matter mineralization. While the FFM material overall released more N and P, it also degraded faster; in comparison, PM may provide a smaller but more stable release of N.Key words: mineralization, nitrogen, organic matter, phosphorus, soil reclamation.Résumé : Les méthodes de restauration du sol dans la région des sables bitumineux de l'Alberta supposent la reconstitution du profil pédologique au moyen de substrats minéraux récupérés et d'un matériel de surface riche en matière organique, notamment un mélange de tourbe et de minéraux (TM) et un autre de couverture morte et de minéraux (CMM). Une bonne végétalisation des sites restaurés dépend dans une large mesure des oligoéléments que procurent ces matériaux. C'est pourquoi l'étude avait pour objectif général de comparer le taux de libération du carbone (C), de l'azote (N) et du phosphore (P) par le TM et le CMM employés pour rebâtir les sols sablonneux. Les chercheurs ont mesuré ces taux en procédant à une expérience d'incubation de 325 jours en laboratoire. Les deux matériaux libèrent une quantité comparable de N par kilo de sol (111 à 118 mg de N kg −1 ). Cependant, quand on normalise les résultats d'après la concentration de C organique de chaque mélange, on constate que le CMM libère six fois plus de N que le TM, ce qui concorde avec les résultats des études antérieures. D'autre part, la minéralisation du C et le taux de libération du P du CMM dépassent ceux du TM de plus d'un ordre de grandeur. Contrairement à l'azote, le taux de libération du P semble contrôlé par des mécanismes abiotiques et non la minéralisation de la matière organique. Même si le CMM libère généralement plus de P et de N, ce matériau se détériore plus vite. Le TM, en revanche, pourrait libérer moins de N, mais de manière plus stable. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Mots-clés : minéralisation, azote, matière organique, phosphore, restau...

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“…At Site 1, records from 1999 indicated plant cover to be higher for FFM than PM (Mapfumo 2003), although at the time plant cover was low (1-2 %), and much lower than what we measured during our study (10-30 %). Further, on Site 3, an assessment completed in 2004 reported that plots reclaimed with FFM had significantly higher plant richness, diversity and total density than plots reclaimed with PM (Mackenzie and Naeth 2006). Total microbial biomass on all reclaimed sites increased approximately 480 % throughout our sevenyear monitoring period (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Currently two sources of amendments are used in the region: peat, which is salvaged from the abundant lowland pre-mining areas, and forest floor, which is obtained from upland boreal forest stands similar to the reclamation target ecosystems. The application of forest floor materials to reclaimed areas has been shown to provide a source of propagules, and results in a greater native revegetation response compared to sites reclaimed with peat (Mackenzie and Naeth 2006). However, whether the greater presence of native plants promotes soil microbial communities more similar to those on natural forest sites is yet unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term effects of organic amendments on the recovery of plant and soil microbial communities following disturbance in the Canadian boreal forest

Hahn

Quideau

2012

Plant Soil

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Assisted natural recovery using a forest soil propagule bank in the athabasca oil sands.

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Forest restoration following surface mining disturbance: challenges and solutions

Forest restoration following surface mining disturbance: challenges and solutions

Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus release from peat and forest floor-based cover soils used during oil sands reclamation

Long-term effects of organic amendments on the recovery of plant and soil microbial communities following disturbance in the Canadian boreal forest

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