Assisted Reproductive Technology after the birth of Louise Brown

Kamel, Remah M

doi:10.4172/2161-0932.1000156

Cited by 49 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 114 publications

(148 reference statements)

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“…Recent decades have witnessed great progress in ART, re-sulting in successful treatment of the previously untreatable cases. Regardless, social research to counterbalance the dominance of biomedical studies, is necessary, particularly with regard to expectations of infertile couples in ART [3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assisted reproductive technology in reproductive medicine — possibilities and limitations

Szamatowicz

2016

Ginekol Pol

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Infertility has become an increasingly common health problem and has been estimated to affect approximately 10% of women in the reproductive age. Due to its high prevalence, it has been deemed a social disease by the World Health Organization (WHO). The causes of infertility are numerous and vary from person to person. As for treatment, the three main therapeutic strategies include pharmacological therapy, surgical therapy -mostly endoscopy, and assisted reproductive technology (ART). Recent decades have witnessed great progress in ART, resulting in successful treatment of the previously untreatable cases, particularly in the field of fertility preservation, preimplantation screening for aneuploidy, uterine transplantations and mitochondrial replacement techniques as prevention against a number of severe diseases. Regardless, ART treatment does not guarantee pregnancy and live birth. The success rate is much smaller as compared to the failure rate, it being among its most important limitations. Embryo implantation is an extremely complex process and represents the most critical step of the reproduction process in humans. Attempts to evaluate endometrial receptivity and strategies for its correction have been discussed. The search for new effective predictors of an individual prognosis remains a crucial challenge for the contemporary reproductive medicine.

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confidence: 99%

Assisted reproductive technology in reproductive medicine — possibilities and limitations

Szamatowicz

2016

Ginekol Pol

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“…In 1978, Steptoe and Edwards transferred an eight‐cell embryo into the uterus of Lesley Brown, leading to the birth of Louise Brown, the first human born following IVF . The next few years saw several more IVF babies born around the world, including the first American, Elizabeth Jordan Carr, in 1981, and the first twins in 1982 . The first human birth following intrauterine insemination occurred the same year .…”

Section: Reproductive Technologies and Puzzles For Autonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 The next few years saw several more IVF babies born around the world, including the first American, Elizabeth Jordan Carr, in 1981, and the first twins in 1982. 7 The first human birth following intrauterine insemination occurred the same year. 8 Research surrounding ART has made immense advances in the four decades since Louise Brown's birth, leading to improved methods for safely promoting superovulation and maturation of multiple eggs in one cycle and the development of methods to test early embryos for genetic conditions.…”

Section: Reproductive Technologies and Puzzles For Autonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomy in Tension: Reproduction, Technology, and Justice

King¹,

Zacharias²,

Johnston³

2017

Hastings Center Report

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Respect for autonomy is a central value in reproductive ethics, but it can be a challenge to fulfill and is sometimes an outright puzzle to understand. If a woman requests the transfer of two, three, or four embryos during fertility treatment, is that request truly autonomous, and do clinicians disrespect her if they question that decision or refuse to carry it out? Add a commitment to justice to the mix, and the challenge can become more complex still. Is it unfair for insurance policies to exclude from coverage the costs of giving fertility to those who lack it or restoring fertility in those who have lost it? What does “just reproduction” look like in the face of multifarious understandings of both justice and autonomy and in light of increasingly complex and costly reproductive technologies? In today's dialogue about reproduction, medicine, and ethics in the United States, old ethical issues—such as whether women ought to be allowed to access pregnancy termination—are more contested than they have been in decades, while new technologies—like those used to edit the genes of human embryos—suggest that our species could face unprecedented questions about who should exist. As we considered the discussions accompanying these issues and contemplated a special report responding to them, we found ourselves consistently circling back to two ethical commitments: respect for autonomy and the pursuit of justice. As one of the nine essays in this collection asks, why should certain women receive help to establish a pregnancy while others are thrown in jail when they miscarry or their child is stillborn? Respect for autonomy is required where individuals have the ability to make fully informed and voluntary choices. Yet does respecting autonomy require acceding to all the choices of patients or consumers of medical care? We consider these and related questions in this special report from the Hastings Center Report.

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“…But it was not until 1978 when Steptoe and Edwards established greater details of the IVF process, resulting in the first human IVF baby born [46]. After this, several studies have shown fertilization and outcome success in different species [9,17,25,27,37,44]. However, in some domestic species its use has currently decreased since it has the disadvantage of not excluding events as polyspermy, which causes aberrant development of the early embryo and difficulty completing gestation [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%