Associating conservation/production patterns in US farm policy with agricultural land-use in three Iowa, USA townships, 1933–2002

McGranahan, Devan Allen; Brown, Paul W.; Schulte, Lisa A.; Tyndall, John

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.01.002

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Price increases in the commodities market raise the risk that reserve areas may be reconverted into agricultural areas in the future. The pattern of cropland reversion during periods of high commodity crop prices substantiates concerns about whether farmers will continue to participate in the CRP and other conservation programs, as biofuel production contributes to high demand for commodity crops (MCGRANAHAN et al, 2015). Crop expansion from 2008 to 2012 was promoted by the biofuel policy to a great extent (Energy Independence and Security Act), resulting in substantial transformation of the landscape (LARK; MEGHAN SALMON; GIBBS, 2015).…”

Section: Land Retirementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To a greater extent, the purpose of the Farm Bill conservation programs has been to reduce soil erosion on private farmland (LICHTENBERG, 2015), and progress has indeed been made in this area as soil erosion on cropland has been reduced by an estimated 43% since 1982 (NRCS, 2012). Nevertheless, following declines in erosion between 1982 and 1997, soil erosion has continued at a rate of around 1.75 billion tons per year (NRCS, 2012) and research indicates that more can be done to improve soil heath (COX; HUG; BRUZELIUS, 2011; MCGRANAHAN et al, 2015).…”

Section: General Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Where are governments leading their agricultural sectors? Comparative lessons from agri-environmental measures promoted in the U.S., Europe and Brazil

Medina¹

2019

ESA

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This study aims to analyse comparative lessons from current efforts for promoting sustainable agriculture by key global food producing countries. Specifically, we aim to understand: 1) to what extent governments are prioritizing conservation efforts in their agricultural policy budget; 2) what existing agri-environmental measures actually deliver in terms of environmental conservation; and 3) what are the possibilities for improvement in the existing policies for meeting current environmental challenges. Interviews with farmers and experts, as well as a literature review, reveal that agri-environmental mechanisms have gained some footing but they represent only 5.8% of the American, 5.75% of the European, and 1.25% of the Brazilian agricultural policy budgets. Key conservation issues remain poorly addressed, such as water and nutrient management in the U.S., whose landscape-level management resulted in no more than 10% of phosphorus reductions; soil erosion and biodiversity loss in Europe, where farmland bird populations have declined by over 40%; and the restoration of reserves and sensitive land areas in Brazil, which account for less than 6% of the country’s farms’ restoration needs. While environmental organizations advocate for larger investments in conservation, farmers argue for the need to maintain the current levels of support for the sector in order to remain competitive. This stalemate indicates that we might expect minor adaptations, but not incremental changes, in agricultural policies for the near future.Keywords: agricultural policies; agribusiness, environment.MEDINA, Gabriel da Silva. Where are governments leading their agricultural sectors? Comparative lessons from agri-environmental measures promoted in the U.S., Europe and Brazil. Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura, v. 27, n. 1, p. 5- 23, fev. 2019.Submitted in october 2018.Accepted in december 2018.

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Section: Land Retirementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where are governments leading their agricultural sectors? Comparative lessons from agri-environmental measures promoted in the U.S., Europe and Brazil

Medina¹

2019

ESA

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“…All those changed influenced the land possession and land use. McGranaham et al (2015) were searching for the patterns in the agricultural land-use with regard to the US farm policy. Similarly, in the Czechoslovakia and later in the Czech Republic, we may see that the land-use is following the situation of the agricultural policy.…”

Section: Doi: 1017221/250/2015-agriceconmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical development of land ownership in the Czech Republic since the foundation of the Czechoslovakia until present

Homolac¹,

Tomšík²

2016

AGR ECON-CZECH

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Th e aim of the paper is to describe the land ownership relations in the area of the current Czech Republic since the foundation of Czechoslovakia. Th e description of the history of changes of land ownership in the Czech Republic is important for the perception of the current nature of the land use and land market. Land use and ownership was always related to the historical context and political regime. Th e time periods are divided by the important historical events: after 1918 (foundation of the Czechoslovak Republic), 2nd World War period, after 1948 (takeover of the power by the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and the centrally planned economy period) and after 1989 (foundation of the market economy). During this era, three land reforms took place. Th e main role was played by the political apparatus the aim of which was to enhance its economic and political infl uence, and international interests. It can be concluded that the ownership of land in the Czech lands was always uneven. During the period, the state expropriated land from diff erent society spheres and reallocated it to others. No other property in private ownership underwent so many ownership changes in the legal organization of the state.

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“…Settlers entering the region in the mid-19th century found deep, productive prairie soils and worked to convert vast areas of native prairie grassland to farmland. Small, diverse farms steadily gave rise to larger operations with less crop diversity, and today most agricultural production consists of maize, soybeans, and confined livestock feeding operations [32][33][34][35][36][37]. Concurrent with agricultural intensification has been sharp declines in soil and water quality and loss of natural habitat and biodiversity [38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Intensively-farmed Landscapes In the Us Corn Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecologies of Scale: Multifunctionality Connects Conservation and Agriculture across Fields, Farms, and Landscapes

McGranahan

2014

Land

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Agroecology and landscape ecology are two land-use sciences based on ecological principles, but have historically focused on fine and broad spatial scales, respectively. As global demand for food strains current resources and threatens biodiversity conservation, concepts such as multifunctional landscapes and ecologically-analogous agroecosystems integrate ecological concepts across multiple spatial scales. This paper reviews ecological principles behind several concepts crucial to the reconciliation of food production and biodiversity conservation, including relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functions such as productivity and stability; insect pest and pollinator management; integrated crop and livestock systems; countryside biogeography and heterogeneity-based rangeland management. Ecological principles are integrated across three spatial scales: fields, farms, and landscapes.

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Associating conservation/production patterns in US farm policy with agricultural land-use in three Iowa, USA townships, 1933–2002

Cited by 12 publications

References 66 publications

Where are governments leading their agricultural sectors? Comparative lessons from agri-environmental measures promoted in the U.S., Europe and Brazil

Where are governments leading their agricultural sectors? Comparative lessons from agri-environmental measures promoted in the U.S., Europe and Brazil

Historical development of land ownership in the Czech Republic since the foundation of the Czechoslovakia until present

Ecologies of Scale: Multifunctionality Connects Conservation and Agriculture across Fields, Farms, and Landscapes

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