Association between body weight of newborn rats and density of serotonin transporters in the frontal cortex at adulthood

Himpel, Sunke; Bartels, J.; Zimdars, K.; Huether, Gerald; Adler, Lothar; Dawirs, Ralph R.; Moll, Gunther H.

doi:10.1007/s00702-005-0330-4

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…levels of 5-HT transporter in the frontal cortex [148]. Taken together, this suggests that disruption of 5-HT production in the gut and brain, with early exposure to SSRIs at a time when the neonate is very sensitive to toxins [138], may produce long term differences in growth, metabolism, and mood via changes in 5-HT production and related physiology of the brain-gut axis.…”

Section: Growth Brain-gut Axis Development and The Serotonergic Systemmentioning

confidence: 88%

Perinatal selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) effects on body weight at birth and beyond: A review of animal and human studies

Hutchison

Mâsse

Pawluski

et al. 2018

Reproductive Toxicology

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. Perinatal selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) effects on body weight at birth and beyond A review of animal and human studies. Reproductive Toxicology, Elsevier, 2018, 77, pp.109-121. 10 Highlights  Our paper reviews our current understanding of the impact of prenatal SSRI exposure on weight and growth using both human and animal findings.  Our review extends the previously published review paper by Grzeskowiak and colleagues in Repro Tox in 2012 by including findings beyond infancy, the impact of maternal mood -pre and post natal, and given that the majority our 5HT is in the gastrointestinal (GI) system we speculate that altering 5HT signaling, via SSRI exposure might have an impact on GI function and later weight gain.  With recent advances in our understanding of the gut-brain axis and the role of 5HT, we raise critical questions about how weight and growth outcomes might be related to SSRI induced changes in the GI microbiome.  Our paper provides an updated review of the literature (e.g., Leuner et al 2014;Nezvalová-Henriksen et al., 2016), with a particular focus on weight related outcomes beyond birth, developmental aspects of SSRI exposure that might also impact weight and growth, as well as provides detailed suggestions for future research. AbstractThe long-term impact of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant treatment during pregnancy and postpartum on offspring outcomes is still not clear. Specifically, perinatal SSRI exposure may have long-term consequences for body weight and related health outcomes in the newborn period and beyond. This review focuses on the impact of perinatal SSRI exposure on weight using human and animal findings. The impact of maternal mood is also explored. We propose potential mechanisms for weight changes, including how early alterations in serotonin signaling may have implications for weight via changes in metabolism and motor development.As the majority of serotonin is in the gastrointestinal (GI) system we also speculate that perinatal SSRI exposure might alter the brain-gut relationship, via the microbiome, leading to changes in feeding behavior and weight.

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Section: Growth Brain-gut Axis Development and The Serotonergic Systemmentioning

confidence: 88%

Perinatal selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) effects on body weight at birth and beyond: A review of animal and human studies

Hutchison

Mâsse

Pawluski

et al. 2018

Reproductive Toxicology

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“…For instance, rhesus macaques that experienced high rates of rejection from their mothers soon after birth have lower levels of 5-HTT binding which is independent of 5-HTT genotype [55]. Another study compared SLC6A4 density in adulthood as a function of common natural variation in birth weight in rats [56]. It was found that rats which were 10-20% lighter at birth than their littermate had reduced 5-HTT density in the frontal cortex in adulthood, while there were no differences in noradrenaline transporter density.…”

Section: (B) Slc6a4 and Integrity Of The Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking beyond the DNA sequence: the relevance of DNA methylation processes for the stress–diathesis model of depression

Booij

Wang

Lévesque

et al. 2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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The functioning of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and serotonergic (5-HT) system are known to be intertwined with mood. Alterations in these systems are often associated with depression. However, neither are sufficient to cause depression in and of themselves. It is now becoming increasingly clear that the environment plays a crucial role, particularly, the perinatal environment. In this review, we posit that early environmental stress triggers a series of epigenetic mechanisms that adapt the genome and programme the HPA axis and 5-HT system for survival in a harsh environment. We focus on DNA methylation as it is the most stable epigenetic mark. Given that DNA methylation patterns are in large part set within the perinatal period, long-term gene expression programming by DNA methylation is especially vulnerable to environmental insults during this period. We discuss specific examples of genes in the 5-HT system (serotonin transporter) and HPA axis (glucocorticoid receptor and arginine vasopressin enhancer) whose DNA methylation state is associated with early life experience and may potentially lead to depression vulnerability. We conclude with a discussion on the relevance of studying epigenetic mechanisms in peripheral tissue as a proxy for those occurring in the human brain and suggest avenues for future research.

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“…Birth weight (BW) can be used as an overall index of the in utero environment [1,2,3,4]. Research has shown that individuals born with a very low BW (<1,500 g) have smaller brains than controls from infancy to early adulthood [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the in utero and Early Postnatal Environments on Grey and White Matter Volume: A Study with Adolescent Monozygotic Twins

et al. 2015

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Prenatal and early postnatal adversities have been shown to be associated with brain development. However, we do not know how much of this association is confounded by genetics, nor whether the postnatal environment can moderate the impact of in utero adversity. This study used a monozygotic (MZ) twin design to assess (1) the association between birth weight (BW) and brain volume in adolescence, (2) the association between within-twin-pair BW discordance and brain volume discordance in adolescence, and (3) whether the association between BW and brain volume in adolescence is mediated or moderated by early negative maternal parenting behaviours. These associations were assessed in a sample of 108 MZ twins followed longitudinally since birth and scanned at age 15. The total grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes were obtained using the Diffeomorphic Anatomical Registration Through Exponentiated Lie Algebra (DARTEL) toolbox in the Statistical Parametric Mapping version 8 (SPM8). We found that the BW was significantly associated with the total GM and WM volumes, particularly in the superior frontal gyrus and thalamus. Within-twin-pair discordance in BW was also significantly associated with within-pair discordance in both the GM and the WM volumes, supporting the hypothesis that the specific in utero environment is associated with brain development independently of genetics. Early maternal hostile parenting behaviours and depressive symptoms were associated with total GM volume but not WM volume. Finally, greater early maternal hostility may moderate the association between the BW and GM volume in adolescence, since the positive association between the BW and total GM volume appeared stronger at higher levels of maternal hostility (trend). Together, these findings support the importance of the in utero and early environments for brain development.

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Association between body weight of newborn rats and density of serotonin transporters in the frontal cortex at adulthood

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Perinatal selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) effects on body weight at birth and beyond: A review of animal and human studies

Perinatal selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) effects on body weight at birth and beyond: A review of animal and human studies

Looking beyond the DNA sequence: the relevance of DNA methylation processes for the stress–diathesis model of depression

The Impact of the in utero and Early Postnatal Environments on Grey and White Matter Volume: A Study with Adolescent Monozygotic Twins

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