Association between clinical variables related to asthma in schoolchildren born with very low birth weight with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Abstract

Objective:To assess the prevalence, spirometry findings and risk factors for asthma in schoolchildren who were very low birth weight infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Methods:Observational and cross-sectional study. The parents and/or tutors answered the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire. The schoolchildren were submitted to the skin prick test and spirometry assessment.Results:54 schoolchildren who were very low birth weight infants were assessed and 43 met the criteria for spirometry. Age at the assessment (bronchopulmonary dysplasia=9.5±0.85; without bronchopulmonary dysplasia=10.1±0.86 years) and birth weight (bronchopulmonary dysplasia=916.7±251.2; without bronchopulmonary dysplasia=1171.3±190.5g) were lower in the group with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (p<0.05). The prevalence of asthma among very low birth weight infants was 17/54 (31.5%), being 6/18 (33.3%) in the group with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. There was an association between wool blanket use in the first year of life (p=0.026) with the presence of asthma at school age. The skin prick test was positive in 13/17 (76.5%) and 23/37 (62.2%) of patients with and without asthma, respectively. The schoolchildren with asthma had lower z-score values of forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of forced vital capacity (n=16;−1.04±1.19) when compared to the group of patients without asthma (n=27;−0.380.93) (p=0.049). There was no difference between the spirometry variables in the groups regarding the presence or absence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Conclusions:Very low birth weight infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia showed a high prevalence of asthma (33.3% and 30.6%, respectively). Pulmonary flow in the small airways was lower in children with asthma.

Combined multi-channel intraluminal impedance measurement and pHmetry in the detection of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children with cystic fibrosis

“…The pathophysiological relationship between esophagus reflux and the worsening of LD in CF is still poorly understood, in comparison with other LD, such as asthma, 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 bronchopulmonary dysplasia, 22 , 23 and chronic obstructive LD in adults. 21 …”

The Outcome- or Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of LUS-Based Care or CXR-Based Care of Neonatal Lung Diseases: The Clinical Practice Evidence from a Level Ⅲ NICU in China

“…This long-term damage includes, but is not limited to, persistent pulmonary structure changes (including pulmonary disorder structure, focal atelectasis, focal bronchiectasis and focal emphysema and diffuse pulmonary fibrosis), persistent respiratory dysfunction (forced vital capacity decrease, the first second forced expiratory volume reduction, 25% to 75% reduction in the first percentile forced vital capacity), and almost 25% of children with airway obstruction, while more than 50% have airway hyperreaction, which can lead to severe breathing problems in infancy, childhood and adulthood. These problems include the presence of significant persistent pulmonary dysfunction, recurrent respiratory tract infections, asthma or asthma-like syndrome symptoms, pulmonary hypertension and exercise intolerance [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ], which eventually leads to increased readmission rates, and even long-term mortality. In addition to respiratory problems, surviving children with BPD may also have neuropsychiatric problems.…”

Are Babies Born Preterm High-Risk Asthma Candidates?

“…Children born preterm have more respiratory symptoms, including cough and wheezing than controls before adolescence, irrespective of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease that mainly affects extremely preterm infants, which is the most common complication of prematurity, predisposing the infants to the development of obstructive pulmonary diseases [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ]. Several studies showed an increased prevalence of asthma in children with a history of BPD [ 23 , 51 , 52 ], and reduced lung function was less evident in children without BPD than in BPD subjects [ 36 ]. However, it is controversial whether the asthma-like symptoms of children with BPD can be diagnosed as asthma or whether BPD and asthma should be considered different entities having different pathogenetic pathways [ 10 , 53 , 54 ].…”