Association between community-level social capital and frailty onset among older adults: a multilevel longitudinal study from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES)

Noguchi, Taiji; Murata, Chiyoe; Hayashi, Takahiro; Watanabe, Ryota; Saito, Masashige; Kojima, Masayo; Kondo, Katsunori; Saito, Tami

doi:10.1136/jech-2021-217211

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Frailty was assessed using the KCL, developed by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare. The KCL is a simple yes/no questionnaire that assesses multiple aspects of daily living functions, such as physical strength, nutrition, eating habits, socialization, memory, mood, and lifestyle 21,24,25 . Each item was scored yes = 1 or no = 0, with a total score ranging from 0 to 25 and a higher score indicating worse functioning.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The KCL is a simple yes/no questionnaire that assesses multiple aspects of daily living functions, such as physical strength, nutrition, eating habits, socialization, memory, mood, and lifestyle. 21,24,25 Each item was scored yes = 1 or no = 0, with a total score ranging from 0 to 25 and a higher score indicating worse functioning. The KCL is strongly associated with the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria for frailty based on Fried's Phenotypic Model 4 with the sensitivity and specificity of these cutoff values being 89.5% and 80.7%, 22 respectively.…”

Section: Frailtymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the predictive validity of new support and care needs certifications and deaths has been reported. 22 Based on previous studies, [22][23][24]26 frailty (≥8 points) was defined, and the non-frail (0-7 points) was excluded from this study.…”

Section: Frailtymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social participation and incident disability and mortality among frail older adults: A JAGES longitudinal study

Abe

Ide

Watanabe

et al. 2023

J American Geriatrics Society

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Background Frailty is the highest risk factor for incident disability and mortality. Social participation is a modifiable factor for reducing adverse outcomes among independent older adults. However, the association between social participation and incident disability and mortality among frail older adults remains unclear. Therefore, we examined the association between various social activities and incident disability and mortality. Methods This nationwide prospective cohort study (The Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study) recruited older adults with frailty, aged 65 years and older (N = 9090) who were followed up for 6 years (2010–2016). We examined incident disability and all‐cause mortality at the end of the follow‐up period. Frailty was assessed using the Kihon Checklist. The independent variable was social participation in 2010, grouped into the following seven categories: hobby groups, sports groups or clubs, volunteer groups, senior citizens' clubs, industries, neighborhood communities, and paid work. Results The incidence of disability among participants was 19.5% (1770) and that of mortality was 19.2% (1753). Belonging to sports groups or clubs (Hazard Ratios [HR] = 0.74; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.57, 0.98) or hobby groups (HR = 0.77; 95% CI = 0.60, 0.98) was significantly associated with a lower risk of incident disability. Meanwhile, hobby groups (HR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.56, 0.83), sports groups or clubs (HR = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.57, 0.88), volunteer groups (HR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.54, 0.88), and senior citizens' club (HR = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.61, 0.90) were associated with lower risk of incident mortality. Conclusions Social participation was associated with a lower risk of incident disability and mortality, not only in healthy older adults but also in frail older adults who are at higher risk of incident disability and mortality. This suggests that frail older adults should be encouraged to participate in all the seven types of social participation examined in this study, as this may lower the risk of subsequent disability and mortality.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Frailtymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social participation and incident disability and mortality among frail older adults: A JAGES longitudinal study

Abe

Ide

Watanabe

et al. 2023

J American Geriatrics Society

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“…Social isolation in older adults is a global publicAQ health concern [ 1 ]. Older adults who are well-embedded in the community and have good social relationships tend to have better health outcomes, including better cognitive and physical function and are less likely to become frail [ 2 – 5 ]. High levels of social isolation have been associated with increased mortality, reduced functional status, lower everyday physical activity and greater sedentary time [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 10-week intergenerational program bringing together community-living older adults and preschool children (INTERACTION): a pilot feasibility non-randomised clinical trial

Lim,

Zammit,

Lewis

et al. 2024

Pilot Feasibility Stud

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Background Social isolation and low levels of physical activity are strong drivers for frailty, which is linked to poor health outcomes and transition to long-term care. Frailty is multifactorial, and thus an integrated approach is needed to maintain older adults’ health and well-being. Intergenerational programs represent a novel multifactorial approach to target frailty, social isolation and physical decline but these have not yet been rigorously tested in Australia. Here, we present the results of our pilot study which aimed to test the feasibility of a 10-week intergenerational program between older adults and preschool children. Methods A non-randomised wait-listed controlled trial was conducted. Participants were allocated to either the intervention or wait-list control group. The intervention group received 10 weekly 2-h intergenerational sessions led by trained child educators; the control group continued with their usual routine and received their intergenerational program after the 10-week control period. All participants were assessed at baseline and 10 weeks. The primary outcome was the feasibility and acceptability of the program including measures of recruitment eligibility, adherence and effective data collection across the multiple domains important for frailty, including functional mobility and balance, grip strength, cognitive function, mood, social engagement, quality of life and concerns about falling. Results Nineteen adults were included, with nine in the intervention and ten in the control group. A total of 42% of older adults screened were eligible, 75% of participants were present at each intervention session and the overall attrition rate was 21% (n = 4). The reasons for participant absence were primarily health-related. Missing data was minimal for the majority of assessments but more apparent for the cognitive testing where completion rates ranged from 53 to 79% for baseline tests and 73 to 100% for those who received follow-up testing. Conclusions The high program compliance and low attrition show that a 10-week intergenerational program embedded in the local community, designed for community-living older adults and preschool children, is feasible and acceptable to older adults. Our next trial will test the efficacy of intergenerational programs in this setting.

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“…A notice issued in September 2021 by the Director-General of the Geriatric Health Bureau of the MHLW specified that 8% of older adults will participate in community gatherings by 2025 5 ) , and further development of community gatherings is expected. The risk for developing frailty decreases in areas with high participation rates in community gatherings 6 ) . In addition, participation in community gatherings is associated with a lower risk for developing dementia 7 , 8 ) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competency acquisition among rehabilitation professionals supporting older residents’ community-based activities in Japan: a qualitative study

Nakamura,

Urabe,

Kanauchi

2024

J Phys Ther Sci

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[Purpose] In Japan, community-gathering initiatives for older residents often involve support from rehabilitation professionals. However, the quality of this support varies. This study aimed to clarify the rehabilitation professionals’ competency-acquisition process for establishing better support methods and processes, thereby reducing regional and individual differences. [Participants and Methods] The study included 10 rehabilitation professionals (nine physical therapists and one occupational therapist; eight males and two females, aged 34−57 years) with 2–7 years of experience facilitating community gatherings. Semi-structured interviews and the modified grounded theory approach were used. [Results] The results of this study identified 38 concepts, 15 subcategories, and finally the following 6 categories pertaining to the effective support process of care prevention: “not confident”, “prepare for support”, “form a rapport”, “know the field”, “implement effective support”, and “utilize support experiences”. [Conclusion] To prevent long-term frailty among older residents, rehabilitation professionals should 1) establish a system for ensuring their participation in the project, 2) understand the core principles of community rehabilitation, 3) facilitate residents’ initiatives, and 4) mediate group activities. Apart from conventional physical-therapy skills, rehabilitation professionals must acquire specific competencies to support community gatherings as a part of their education, such as providing indirect group support rather than direct individual support.

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Association between community-level social capital and frailty onset among older adults: a multilevel longitudinal study from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES)

Cited by 24 publications

References 42 publications

Social participation and incident disability and mortality among frail older adults: A JAGES longitudinal study

Social participation and incident disability and mortality among frail older adults: A JAGES longitudinal study

A 10-week intergenerational program bringing together community-living older adults and preschool children (INTERACTION): a pilot feasibility non-randomised clinical trial

Competency acquisition among rehabilitation professionals supporting older residents’ community-based activities in Japan: a qualitative study

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