Association between cytokines and fatigue in patients with type 1 narcolepsy

Yang, Qiao; Wu, Qiong; Zhan, Qinqin; Deng, Liying; Ding, Yongmin; Wang, Fen; Chen, Jin; Xie, Liang

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2024.01.007

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2024.01.007

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Association between cytokines and fatigue in patients with type 1 narcolepsy

Qiao Yang,

Qiong Wu,

Qinqin Zhan

et al.

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The Role of T Cells in the Pathogenesis of Narcolepsy Type 1: A Narrative Review

Xu,

Ding,

Zhang

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is an uncommon, persistent sleep disorder distinguished by significant daytime sleepiness, episodes of cataplexy, and irregularities in rapid eye movement sleep. The etiology of NT1 is linked to the destruction of hypothalamic neurons responsible for the synthesis of the wake-promoting neuropeptide known as hypothalamic orexin. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying NT1 remain inadequately elucidated; however, a model that incorporates the interplay of genetic predisposition, environmental influences, immune system factors, and a deficiency in hypocretin (HCRT) provides a framework for elucidating the pathogenesis of NT1. The prevalence of NT1 has been observed to rise following influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 and the administration of the Pandemrix influenza vaccine. The strong association between narcolepsy and the HLA-DQB1*06:02 allele strongly indicates an autoimmune etiology for this condition. Increasing evidence suggests that T cells play a critical role in this autoimmune-mediated HCRT neuronal loss. Studies have identified specific T cell subsets, including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, that target HCRT neurons, contributing to their destruction. Clarifying the pathogenesis of NT1 driven by autoimmune T cells is crucial for the development of effective therapeutic interventions for this disorder. This review examines the risk factors associated with the pathogenesis of NT1, explores the role of T cells within the immune system in the progression of NT1, and evaluates immune-mediated animal models alongside prospective immunotherapeutic strategies.

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The Role of T Cells in the Pathogenesis of Narcolepsy Type 1: A Narrative Review

Xu,

Ding,

Zhang

et al. 2024

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

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Association between cytokines and fatigue in patients with type 1 narcolepsy

Cited by 1 publication

References 34 publications

The Role of T Cells in the Pathogenesis of Narcolepsy Type 1: A Narrative Review

The Role of T Cells in the Pathogenesis of Narcolepsy Type 1: A Narrative Review

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