Association between diabetes and depression: Sex and age differences

Zhao, Weihan; Chen, Y.; Lin, Mei; Sigal, R. J.

doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2006.04.012

Cited by 48 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The low personal control late in life may also have a significant impact on the increase in depression prevalence in late-life in humans. In a few published articles that might be relevant to our study, however, lifetime prevalence rates of depression are reported to be higher in younger cohorts (Weissman et al, 1993;Kessler et al, 1997;Mosher and Danoff-Burg, 2005;Patten et al, 2006;Zhao et al, 2006). Older ages appear to possess lower vulnerability to the same/similar events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Effects of age on susceptibility to the induction of depressive behavior and imipramine in rats

Sun

Alkon

2008

Behavioural Pharmacology

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Effects of age on depression vulnerability and antidepressant efficacy remain an important concern. Here, we show, by using a novel animal model of depressive behavior, that young rats (4 weeks old) are more vulnerable to the induction of depressive behavior than older ones (3, 6, and 14 months old). The induced depressive behavior in different ages of rats, however, was similarly sensitive to imipramine. A direct cerebroventricular administration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor was also sufficient to produce an antidepressant-like effect in the rats of different ages. These results suggest that although different ages of rats exhibit different sensitivity to the induction of depressive behavior, the induced depressive behavior may involve the same type of underlying abnormal neuropathophysiology in the brain and is sensitive to imipramine and brain-derived neurotrophic factor treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Effects of age on susceptibility to the induction of depressive behavior and imipramine in rats

Sun

Alkon

2008

Behavioural Pharmacology

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“…While some studies have shown that patients with DM in the younger age group are more likely to suffer from co-morbid depression (Zhao et al, 2006; Wexler et al, 2012), others have found that association for older individuals (Khuwaja et al, 2010; Ganasegeran et al, 2014). One possible explanation could be that the younger individuals in our study population were not fully psychologically adjusted to having a chronic illness in the form of DM, and failed to cope with the numerous stressors that could have led them to develop of depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The association between depression, quality of life, and the health care expenditure of patients with diabetes mellitus in Uganda

Akena

Kadama

Ashaba

et al. 2015

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background Depression is one of the commonest neuropsychiatric disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and is associated with poor glycaemic control, vascular complications, a low quality of life and increased health care expenditure. Co-morbid DM and depression remains poorly identified and inadequately treated in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 437 patients with DM at 3 DM clinics in Uganda. Participants were assessed for depression, blood sugar levels, diabetic neuropathy, quality of life, and health care expenditures. Results The prevalence of depression was 34.8%. Depressed participants were more likely to be suicidal [OR=3.81, (CI 2.87–5.04)], younger [OR=3.98 CI (1.20–13.23)], un-employed [OR=1.99(CI 1.04–3.81)], and having lost a spouse [OR=2.36 (CI 1.29–4.31)]. Overall quality of life was poor [OR=0.67 (CI 0.47–0.96)], they scored poorer in the physical [OR=0.97, (CI 0.95–0.99)], psychological [OR=1.05 (CI 1.03–1.07)], and environmental [OR=0.97, (CI 0.95–0.99)] domains. They had an increased likelihood of incurring direct out-of-pocket payments for health care services [OR=1.56 (CI 1.03–2.36)], and were more likely to be impoverished [OR=1.52 (CI 1.01–2.28)]. Limitation The cross sectional nature of this study makes it difficult to examine causation. More studies are required in order to better understand the associations and impact of the factors examined above on patient outcomes. Conclusions Depression is highly prevalent among patients with DM in Uganda, and is associated with a number of adverse outcomes. A holistic approach that focuses on the depression management among patients with diabetes is recommended.

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“…Moreover, in this study, the age was limited to equal or more than 35 years and thus we have not estimated the prevalence of depression among patients with diabetes type 2 in younger ages. Ganasegeran et al [33] have showed that this prevalence is higher in older ages but Zhao et al [46] have demonstrated that diabetes is significantly associated with depression, particularly in young adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of depression in adults with type 2 diabetes in the Basque Country: relationship with glycaemic control and health care costs

Alonso-Morán

Satylganova²,

Orueta

et al. 2014

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundThe aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of depression in the population diagnosed with diabetes type 2 and to test the hypothesis that the presence of depression in such cases was associated with a) worse glycaemic control, and b) higher healthcare costs.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis, from 1st September 2010 to 31st August 2011, among patients with type 2 diabetes aged 35 years and over in the Basque Country. It was identified how many of them had also depression. The database included administrative individual level information on age, sex, healthcare costs, other comorbidities, and values of glycaemic control (HbA1c). Deprivation index variable was used as socioeconomic measure and, to observe the coexistent pathologies, all the patients diagnoses were categorized by Adjusted Clinical Groups. We used a measure of association, a logistic and a linear regression for analysis.Results12.392 (9.8%) of type 2 diabetes patients were diagnosed with depression, being the prevalence 5.2% for males and 15.1% for females. This comorbidity was higher among the most deprived population. There was no association between the presence of depression and glycaemic control. We estimated that the comorbidity average cost per patient/year was 516€ higher than in patients with just type 2 diabetes (P < 0.001) adjusted by the other covariates.ConclusionsWe did not find any relationship between depression and glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, the comorbidity was associated with significantly high healthcare costs compared to that of type 2 diabetes occurring alone, after adjusting by other illness. Thus, there is a need of more precise recognition, screening and monitoring of depression among diabetic population. Evidence-based treatment for depression should be included in type 2 diabetes clinical guidelines.

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Association between diabetes and depression: Sex and age differences

Cited by 48 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of age on susceptibility to the induction of depressive behavior and imipramine in rats

Effects of age on susceptibility to the induction of depressive behavior and imipramine in rats

The association between depression, quality of life, and the health care expenditure of patients with diabetes mellitus in Uganda

Prevalence of depression in adults with type 2 diabetes in the Basque Country: relationship with glycaemic control and health care costs

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