Association between diet quality scores and risk of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents

Zheng, Xiaobo; Wang, Hong; Wu, Hui‐Wen

doi:10.1186/s12887-023-03966-7

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In agreement with our study, the ToyBox-study has indicated that the proportion of pre-school children having a low Diet Quality Index (DQI), not adapting to both step and screen time (ST) references was very high, and it was related with an increased likelihood of being affected by overweight or obesity [ 66 ]. A cross-sectional study evaluating data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) has shown that greater MD adherence was significantly related with a lower risk of childhood overweight and obesity; however, the enrolled children had a broad range of ages from 2 to 11 years old [ 67 ]. Moreover, in a Spanish population of pre-school children aged 4–5 years old, a higher adherence of children to the MD was independently associated with breastfeeding for at least 6 months compared to their peers who were never breastfed [ 68 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Mediterranean Diet Adherence Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Childhood Obesity, Specific Sociodemographic, and Lifestyle Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pre-School Children

Pavlidou,

Papadopoulou,

Alexatou

et al. 2023

Epidemiologia

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Background: The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been related with a decreased probability of overweight/obesity as well as central obesity at all stages of the human life, decreasing the risk of diverse disease states and improving quality of life. Over the last few years, the prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity and especially abdominal obesity has highly increased worldwide, being associated with a higher likelihood of overweight/obesity as well as central obesity at the next stages of the life during adulthood. The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship of MD compliance with sociodemographic, anthropometry and lifestyle features in pre-school children aged 2–5 years old. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, which includes 5188 pre-school children from diverse regions of Greece. Relevant questionnaires were applied to evaluate the sociodemographic features of the enrolled children. Anthropometric parameters were measured by relevant techniques. Qualified questionnaires were utilized for assessing several lifestyle factors such as physical activity, quality of life, breastfeeding practices, MD adherence, as well as the prevalence of childhood asthma and diabetes mellitus type I. Results: Of the enrolled children, 41.7% showed low MD compliance and 36.4% of them indicated moderated compliance, while only 21.9% of them showed a high MD adherence. Overweight/obesity was noted in 24.2% of the assigned children, while abdominal obesity was noticed in 18.2% of them. Higher MD compliance was related with an elevated prevalence of sex (boys, p = 0.0005), Greek nationality (p = 0.0088), rural type of residence (p = 0.0099), childhood overweight/obesity (p < 0.0001) and abdominal obesity (p < 0.0001), lower childbirth weight (p < 0.0001), increased physical activity (p = 0.0041), improved quality of life (p = 0.0008), exclusive breastfeeding (p < 0.0001), childhood asthma (p = 0.0001) and diabetes mellitus type 1 (p = 0.0002). Conclusions: A higher MD adherence is associated with specific sociodemographic, better anthropometric, and beneficial lifestyle factors in pre-school children. However, MD compliance remains low or moderate in the vast majority of children aged 2–5 years old. Thus, future public strategies and policies should be performed to inform parents of the potential beneficial effects of MD against obesity and related chronic diseases at the next stage of their children’s lives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Mediterranean Diet Adherence Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Childhood Obesity, Specific Sociodemographic, and Lifestyle Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pre-School Children

Pavlidou,

Papadopoulou,

Alexatou

et al. 2023

Epidemiologia

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“…Recent research also suggests that it has a protective effect against childhood overweight/obesity [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. In pregnancy, closer maternal adherence to the MedDiet has been inversely associated with potential risk factors for childhood obesity in early life, such as preterm delivery [ 12 ], fetal growth restriction [ 13 ], and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants at birth [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Close Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet during Pregnancy Decreases Childhood Overweight/Obesity: A Prospective Study

Díaz-López,

Rodríguez Espelt,

Abajo

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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The study of dietary patterns during pregnancy may be of great importance for determining the potential risk of obesity in childhood. We assessed the prospective association between maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) during pregnancy and risk of childhood overweight/obesity at 4 years. This prospective analysis involved 272 mother–child pairs from the ECLIPSES study. Maternal diet during pregnancy was assessed using a validated 45-item food-frequency questionnaire and a relative whole-pregnancy MedDiet score (rMedDiet) was calculated. The children’s weight and height were measured at the age of 4. Primary outcome was childhood overweight/obesity based on age- and-sex-specific BMI z-score > 85th percentile using the WHO child growth standards. Mean maternal rMedDiet score in pregnancy was 9.8 (±standard deviation 2.3) and 25.7% of the children were overweight/obese. Significant differences in anthropometric measurements (weight, height, and BMI) were found according to sex, with higher scores for boys. After controlling for potential confounders, greater maternal adherence to rMedDiet during pregnancy was associated with a lower risk of childhood overweight/obesity, highest vs. lowest quartile (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.12–0.90; p-trend 0.037). Similar trends regarding this association (per 1-point increase rMedDiet score) were observed after stratification by advanced maternal age, maternal early pregnancy BMI, education, socioeconomic status, smoking, and gestational weight gain. Our findings suggest that closer adherence to the MedDiet during pregnancy may protect against the risk of offspring overweight/obesity at 4 years. Further research is needed to explore whether associations persist across the life course.

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“…Higher AHEI scores were associated with lower risk of major chronic diseases (cardiovascular disease, diabetes, colorectal and breast cancer) and lower overall mortality [ 9 ]. AHEI-2010 has been widely used in China to evaluate the dietary quality of different diseases and populations [ 10 – 14 ]. In this study, we attempted to explore specific dietary patterns and behaviors associated with stroke risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors related to dietary quality among older stroke high-risk population in Tianjin community, China: a multicenter study

Gu,

Gao,

Xia

et al. 2023

BMC Geriatr

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Background Stroke is a common and frequently-occurring disease in older people. It has the characteristics of high morbidity, high mortality, high recurrence rate and high disability rate. Most stroke risk studies are based on pathophysiology, however psychosocial factors such as diet quality are often understudied. The aim of this study was to assess stroke risk in urban community residents in Tianjin and investigate the factors that affect the dietary quality of older stroke high-risk populations. Methods Using a cross-sectional, multicenter study, recruit people aged 60 to 80 in Tianjin. Dietary intake data were obtained through a validated food frequency questionnaire, which were used to calculate Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) and to analyze its association with sociodemographic characteristics, stroke risk factors and health marker variables. Results A total of 1068 participants from 4 community health service centers in Tianjin were recruited, including 300 low-risk individuals and 768 high-risk individuals. Compared with the low-risk group (62.75 ± 3.59), the AHEI-2010 mean score of the high-risk group (56.83 ± 6.54) was significantly lower. The top three most common risk factors among participants were dyslipidemia (80.3%), hypertension (60.6%), and physical inactivity (58.2%). Multiple logistic regression showed that diet quality was independently and significantly associated with stroke risk (OR = 0.765; 95%CI: 0.690–0.848, p < 0.001). Conclusion The diet quality of high-risk stroke population in Tianjin is far from ideal. At the same time, public health knowledge needs to be disseminated and educated, especially among those at high risk of cerebrovascular disease, with a focus on improving psychosocial factors such as diet quality.

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Association between diet quality scores and risk of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Childhood Mediterranean Diet Adherence Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Childhood Obesity, Specific Sociodemographic, and Lifestyle Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pre-School Children

Childhood Mediterranean Diet Adherence Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Childhood Obesity, Specific Sociodemographic, and Lifestyle Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pre-School Children

Close Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet during Pregnancy Decreases Childhood Overweight/Obesity: A Prospective Study

Factors related to dietary quality among older stroke high-risk population in Tianjin community, China: a multicenter study

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