Association between dietary fiber and serum C-reactive protein

Ma, Yunsheng; Griffith, Jennifer A.; Chasan‐Taber, Lisa; Olendzki, Barbara C.; Jackson, Elizabeth A.; Stanek, Edward J.; Li, Wenjun; Pagoto, Sherry L.; Hafner, Andrea R.; Ockene, Ira S.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/83.4.760

Cited by 324 publications

(230 citation statements)

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“…We did not find an association between dietary fiber intake and hs-CRP in the current study, which is in contrast to other studies that examined this association in mixed gender samples [20][21][22]. In an analysis of 1999-2000 NHANES data from both men and women, with 67% of the study population <56 years, King and colleagues [21] found that subjects in the highest quartile of total fiber consumption had a lower risk of elevated hs-CRP than did subjects in the lowest quartile (OR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.88).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Second, dietary fiber may prevent inflammation by altering adipocytokines in adipose tissue and increasing enterohepatic circulation of lipids and lipophilic compounds [19]. The link between dietary fiber intake and reduced hs-CRP has been observed in several recent studies, including two analyses using cross-sectional data from NHANES 1999-2000 [20,21], an analysis using a longitudinal cohort of 524 healthy adults [22], and a small clinical trial [23]. However, one study has examined the association of dietary fiber with the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α [24] and there is increasing clinical and experimental evidence for an important independent role of TNF-α-R2 signaling in chronic inflammatory conditions [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between dietary fiber and markers of systemic inflammation in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study

et al. 2008

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Objective-Systemic inflammation may play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers. Few studies have comprehensively assessed the direct relationships between dietary fiber and inflammatory cytokines, especially in minority populations. Using baseline data from 1,958 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women's Heath Initiative Observational Study, we examined cross-sectional associations between dietary fiber intake and markers of systemic inflammation (including serum C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α receptor 2 (TNF-α-R2)), as well as differences in these associations by ethnicity.Method-Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the relationship between fiber intake and makers of systemic inflammation.Results-After adjustment for covariates, intake of dietary fiber were inversely associated with both IL-6 (P values for trend were 0.01 for total fiber, 0.004 for soluble fiber, and 0.001 for insoluble fiber) and TNF-α-R2 (P values for trend were 0.002 for total, 0.02 for soluble, and <0.001 for insoluble fiber). Although the sample sizes were small in minority Americans, results were generally Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Conclusions-These findings lend support to the hypothesis that a high-fiber diet is associated with lower plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-α-R2. Contrary to previous reports, however, there was no association between fiber and hs-CRP among postmenopausal women. Future studies on the influence of diet on inflammation should include IL-6 and TNF-α-R2 and enroll participants from ethnic minorities. NIH Public Access

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between dietary fiber and markers of systemic inflammation in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study

et al. 2008

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“…Our study extends previous reports indicating that higher fibre intake is associated with reduced subclinical inflammation in cross-sectional [41,42], prospective [43] and intervention studies [44,45], as it identifies changes in both water-soluble and water-insoluble fibre intake as dominant contributors to the reduction in systemic inflammation in a complex lifestyle intervention setting. In particular, the associations between changes in IL-6 and changes in fibre intake were independent of weight loss and therefore point towards an obesity-independent beneficial effect of fibre on health.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Anti-inflammatory effect of lifestyle changes in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study

Peltonen²,

et al. 2009

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Aims/hypothesis Subclinical inflammation confers an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders and other age-related chronic diseases. Physical activity and diet can attenuate systemic immune activation, but it is not known which individual components of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention are most effective in targeting subclinical inflammation.Methods We used data from the baseline examination and the 1 year follow-up of a subsample of 406 of 522 participants of the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS) to estimate the effect of individual components of lifestyle intervention on C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-6 levels, which represent the best characterised proinflammatory risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Changes in metabolic markers, dietary patterns and exercise were analysed to Diabetologia (2009) determine which were most strongly associated with the anti-inflammatory effect of lifestyle changes. Results Lifestyle intervention reduced circulating levels of CRP (p<0.001) and . Increases in fibre intake and moderate to vigorous leisure time physical activity (LTPA), but not total LTPA, predicted decreases in CRP and/or IL-6 and remained associated even after adjustment for baseline BMI or changes in BMI during the first year of the study. Changes in carbohydrate or fat intake were either weakly or not linked to reductions in CRP and IL-6. Conclusions/interpretation The present study assessed the individual effects of dietary and physical activity measures on low-grade inflammation in individuals at high cardiometabolic risk. Our results underline the importance of moderate to vigorous LTPA and a diet rich in natural fibre, and this should be emphasised in lifestyle recommendations.

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“…For people without diabetes, total dietary fiber intake is recommended to be 14 g/1000 kcal each day, including soluble and insoluble fibers [34]; the recommended intake is higher for individuals with diabetes [11,32]. Dietary fiber intake is inversely associated with levels of C-reactive protein [35], a marker of inflammation predicting future coronary heart disease (CHD) [36][37][38][39][40]. Soluble fiber is also of benefit in lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and is mainly found in whole grains such as barley and oats and in legumes, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and ground flax seeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-carbohydrate and high-fat intake among adult patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus

Olendzki

Hafner

et al. 2006

Nutrition

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Objective-This study examined baseline dietary intake, body weight, and physiologic status in patients enrolled in a dietary intervention for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods-Dietary, physiologic, and demographic information were collected at baseline from 40 adult patients with poorly controlled T2DM (glycosylated hemoglobin >7%) who participated in a clinical trial at an academic medical center in Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.Results-The average age at enrollment was 53.5 y (SD 8.4), average body mass index was 35.48 kg/m 2 (SD 7.0), and glycosylated hemoglobin was 8.3% (SD 1.2). Participants were predominantly white, married, and employed full time. Forty-eight percent were men. Seventy-eight percent had hyperlipidemia, and 68% had hypertension. Reported baseline daily average energy intake was 1778 kcal (SD 814), daily carbohydrate was 159 g (SD 71.5), and dietary fiber was 11.4 g (SD 5.2). The dietary composition was 35% carbohydrate, 45% fat (15% saturated fat), and 20% protein. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines recommends 45-65% of energy from carbohydrate, 20-35% from fat (<7% saturated), and 20% from protein.Conclusion-These patients reported a low-carbohydrate, low-fiber, high-fat (especially saturated) diet, although they stated they are not following any of the popular low-carbohydrate diets. Patients with T2DM may find the current trend toward reducing weight through low-carbohydrate diets attractive for control of blood glucose, despite ADA recommendations. This dietary pattern may represent a popular trend that extends beyond our particular study and, if so, has serious cardiovascular implications in this vulnerable population of T2DM patients.

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Association between dietary fiber and serum C-reactive protein

Abstract: Our results suggest that dietary fiber is protective against high CRP, which supports current recommendations for a diet high in fiber.

Cited by 324 publications

References 40 publications

Association between dietary fiber and markers of systemic inflammation in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study

Association between dietary fiber and markers of systemic inflammation in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study

Anti-inflammatory effect of lifestyle changes in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study

Low-carbohydrate and high-fat intake among adult patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus

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