Association between Dietary Fiber Intake and Incidence of Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Essential Hypertension

Abstract

(1) Background: Our previous study found that the dietary fiber supplement in patients with hypertension increased SCFA-producers, Bififidobacterium and Spirillum in the gut microbiota, which may be associated with improvement of depression and anxiety through the gut–brain axis. However, only a few studies have explored the association between dietary fiber intake (DFI) and the incidence of depression and anxiety in hypertensive patients. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in one comprehensive hospital and one community clinic aimed at understanding the status of DFI and the association between DFI and incidences of depression and anxiety in hypertensive patients. Levels of DFI were obtained through a two-24 h diet recall. According to the levels of DFI from low to high, the participants were divided into Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 groups. The Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System short form v1.0-Depression 8b and Anxiety 8a were used to assess patients’ levels of depression and anxiety. (3) Results: A total of 459 hypertensive patients were recruited and the daily DFI was 10.4 g. The incidences of hypertension combined with depression and anxiety were 19.6% and 18.5%, respectively. Regression analysis showed statistically significant associations between DFI and depression (B = −0.346, p = 0.001) and anxiety score (B = −0.565, p < 0.001). In logistic regression, after the covariates were adjusted, DFI was associated with the incidence of depression in Q3 (OR 2.641, 95% CI 1.050–6.640) and with that of anxiety in Q1 (OR 2.757, 95% CI 1.035–7.346), compared with Q4. (4) Conclusions: A higher consumption of DF was a protective factor for depression and anxiety in hypertensive patients.

Effect of Dietary Fiber (Oat Bran) Supplement in Heart Rate Lowering in Patients with Hypertension: A Randomized DASH-Diet-Controlled Clinical Trial

“…The quantities of dietary fiber intake in previous studies were far below the recommended doses. Liu et al [ 41 ] conducted an investigation that showed that the average daily dietary fiber intake of HTN patients was 11.25 ± 4.88 g, which is consistent with the study by Qi et al [ 42 ], who found that the average daily DF intake was 10.17 ± 4.38 g in HTN patients. In this study, HTN patients were provided with oat bran supplements, ensuring a daily consumption of DF of 21.45 ± 3.86 g/d.…”

Anti-Aging Effect of Dietary Fiber Compound Mediated by Guangxi Longevity Dietary Pattern on Natural Aging Mice

“…In the present study, mice in the CDFC group showed a significant increase in exploratory behavior and time spent in the central area compared to the SD group. Studies have shown that high dietary fiber intake is associated with a reduced prevalence of anxiety [ 36 ]. Dietary fiber can regulate anxiety by promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids that effectively modulate inflammatory factors and neurotransmitter levels [ 37 ].…”

Associations of Socioeconomic Status With Depression and Quality of Life in Patients With Hypertension: An Analysis of Data From the 2019 Community Health Survey in Korea

“…Physical functions, including the daily activities of patients with hypertension, have been found to be highly related to the health-related quality of life [ 23 – 25 ]. According to a study on depression in patients with hypertension, a high quality diet was a protective factor for depression in patients with hypertension [ 26 ]. Unhealthy lifestyle habits such as poor quality diets were risk factors for both depression and hypertension [ 16 ], indicating that poor dietary conditions are related to higher degrees of depression in patients with hypertension.…”