Association between Dietary Habits and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Yangon, Myanmar: A Case–Control Study

Ueno, Satomi; Aung, Myo Nyein; Yuasa, Motoyuki; Ahmad, Ishtiaq; Khin, Ei Thinzar; Latt, Tint Swe; Moolphate, Saiyud; Sato, Setsuko; Tanigawa, Takeshi

doi:10.3390/ijerph182111056

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This result is supported by the odds ratio, which showed that dietary diversity was a protective factor (OR= 0.1 [0.07-0.280]) against type 2 diabetes. Other authors have found similar results [13,28]. These researchers showed that insufficient dietary quality was a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, even though they used other types of dietary diversity scores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Evaluation of Physical Activity and Diet Among Type 2 Diabetics in Libreville

Bengone,

Nikiema-Ndong,

Nsame

et al. 2024

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Background: Physical activity and healthy diet can prevent or reduce risk of developing type 2 diabetes, otherwise may reduce the disease complications among diabetics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical activity and diet of type 2 diabetics in Libreville. Methods: It was a case-control study conducted at the Endocrinology Department of the University Hospital Centre of Libreville and at the Biochemistry Laboratory of the University of Health Sciences. Patients (n=272) recruited were divided in type 2 diabetics (n=136) and controls (n=136). Physical activity was assessed using WHO Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Diet was assessed using FAO Food Consumption and Diversity Scores (FCS and DDS). Results: Diabetics had higher overall physical activity than controls (19.1% <i>vs.</i> 10.3% respectively; p= 0.0033). Then, low activity was obtained in more than half of diabetics (80.8%). Acceptable dietary intake was more frequent in controls than in cases (78.7% vs. 51.4%, p= 0.0000). Similarly, poor dietary diversity was observed in 34.6% of diabetics versus 8.8% of controls (p= 0.0000). Several variables were associated with type 2 diabetes. These were age (p= 0.0000), TyG (p= 0.0000), triglyceridemia (p=0.0000), first and second-degree relative family history of diabetes (p=0.0030 and p=0.0020 respectively) and alcohol consumption (p= 0.0060). When stepwise linear regression was performed, dietary intake and dietary diversity scores were negatively associated with diabetes. Conclusion: This study revealed that diabetics in Libreville are intensely physically active, but that this activity needs to be reinforced and accompanied by greater dietary diversity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Evaluation of Physical Activity and Diet Among Type 2 Diabetics in Libreville

Bengone,

Nikiema-Ndong,

Nsame

et al. 2024

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“…According to a study result examining the association between dietary habits and T2DM conducted by our research team in Myanmar, it was observed that the consumption of salty seasonings with daily meals is significantly linked to a higher prevalence of T2DM. 45 Rasouli et al confirmed the notable association between high sodium intake and the elevated risk of T2DM through the findings of their population-based study conducted in Sweden. 46 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Association Between Dietary Habits and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Thai Adults: A Case-Control Study

Kalandarova,

Ahmad,

Aung

et al. 2024

DMSO

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Background The prevalence of T2DM is escalating in Thailand affecting over 10% of adults aged 20–79 years old. It is imperative to identify modifiable risk factors that can potentially help mitigate the risk of developing diabetes. Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary habits and type 2 diabetes in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Methods This case-control study involved 300 individuals aged 25–74 years residing in Chiang Mai, Thailand including 150 newly diagnosed T2DM patients (cases) and 150 community residents without diabetes (controls). Dietary habits were assessed based on Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Socio-demographic characteristics and anthropometric information of the participants were collected. Data analysis was performed using the STATA-17. Results The case group participants were older and had a higher proportion of males compared to the control group. The case group exhibited a significantly higher consumption of meat, beans, nuts, soft drinks, and topping seasonings (p<0.001), conversely, a lower intake of vegetables (p<0.001), fruits (p=0.006), fish, rice (p<0.001), eggs (p=0.032), milk products, coffee, and tea (p<0.001) compared to the control group. Furthermore, the case group demonstrated a higher level of certain dietary practices such as a greater frequency of having meals with family, not removing visible fat from food (p<0.001), and eating snacks between meals compared to controls. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for potential confounding factors not removing visible fat from food (aOR 5.61, 95% CI: 2.29–13.7, p<0.001) and using topping seasonings (aOR 3.52 95% CI: 1.69–7.32 p=0.001) were significantly associated with the risk of T2DM, whereas daily vegetable intake (aOR 0.32 95% CI: 0.15–0.68 p=0.003) was inversely associated with T2DM. Conclusion The study findings caution against the consumption of food rich in fat and using salty seasonings, while advocating for an increased intake of vegetables to prevent the prevalence of T2DM.

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“…Similarly, Matti A. Vuori et al has emphasized that high sodium intake is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes (29). Furthermore, sodium intake adds to the risk of 2 diabetes was widely reported in Asia, such as China, Korea and Japan where pickles and sauces are popular (30)(31)(32). For the first time, our examination of a nationally representative non-institutional members in the United States corroborates previous research indicating a positive correlation between higher sodium intake and an increased risk of diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Association of sodium intake with diabetes in adults without hypertension: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2018

Ming,

Wang,

Zhu

2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundSodium is essential for human health, however the prevalence of various diseases is associated with excessive sodium intake, particularly cardiovascular disorders. However, in most countries, salt intake is much higher than the World Health Organization recommends. Several studies in recent years have revealed that high salt intake is associated with diabetes in the general population, but the association is uncertain in people who do not have hypertension. In this study, we aimed to find out whether high sodium intake increases the risk of diabetes in this particular population.MethodData were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 2009–2018). Participants included adults aged over 20 years old who have undergone the diabetes questionnaire, and the hypertension population was excluded. In order to adjust the confounders, multivariate analysis models were built. Finally, subgroup analysis were conducted to investigate the association between sodium intake and diabetes separately.ResultIn the present study, 7,907 participants are included (3,920 female and 3,987 male), and 512 (6.48%) individuals reported diabetes. The median sodium intake of the participants was 3,341 mg/d (IQR: 2498, 4,364 mg/d). A linear association between sodium intake and the prevalence of diabetes was found (p = 0.003). According to the multivariate analysis models, the odds ratio of diabetes for every 1,000 mg sodium intake increment is 1.20 (OR: 1.20, 95% CI 1.07–1.35). The highest sodium intake quartile was 1.80-fold more likely to have diabetes than the lowest quartile (OR: 1.80, 95% CI 1.17–2.76).ConclusionOur results suggest that higher sodium intake is associated with an increased risk of diabetes in the population without hypertension, and for every 1,000 mg sodium intake increment, the risk of diabetes increased by 1.20-fold. To sum up, we have provided the clue to the etiology of diabetes and further prospective research is needed to contribute recommendations for the primary prevention of diabetes in the US.

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Association between Dietary Habits and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Yangon, Myanmar: A Case–Control Study

Cited by 9 publications

References 53 publications

Evaluation of Physical Activity and Diet Among Type 2 Diabetics in Libreville

Evaluation of Physical Activity and Diet Among Type 2 Diabetics in Libreville

Association Between Dietary Habits and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Thai Adults: A Case-Control Study

Association of sodium intake with diabetes in adults without hypertension: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2018

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