Association between dietary minerals and glioma: A case-control study based on Chinese population

Abstract

BackgroundAs one of the essential nutrients for the human body, minerals participate in various physiological activities of the body and are closely related to many cancers. However, the population study on glioma is not sufficient.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between five dietary minerals and glioma.MethodsA total of 506 adult patients with glioma and 506 healthy controls were matched 1:1 according to age (±5 years) and sex. The food intake of the subjects in the past year was collected through the food frequency questionnaire, and the intakes of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and copper in the diet were calculated. The logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for dietary minerals to gliomas.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounders, higher intakes of calcium (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.57–0.74), magnesium (OR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.11–0.29), iron (OR = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.02–0.11), zinc (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.54–0.73), and copper (OR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.13–0.39) were associated with a significantly decreased risk of glioma. Similar results were observed in gliomas of different pathological types and pathological grades. The restriction cubic spline function suggested significant linear dose-response relationships between intakes of five minerals and the risk of glioma. When the dietary minerals exceeded a particular intake, the risk of glioma stabilized.ConclusionOur study suggests that higher dietary intakes of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and copper are associated with a decreased risk of glioma. However, the results of this study require further exploration of potential mechanisms in the future better to elucidate the effects of mineral intake on gliomas.

Phytochemicals and Glioma: Results from Dietary Mixed Exposure

“…The FFQ was utilized by researchers with medical backgrounds to gather data on the types and amounts of food consumed over the previous 12 months. The reproducibility and validity of this FFQ have been verified in previous studies [22,24], and we have made simple modifications (adding and deleting several foods) based on the actual needs of this study. A total of 114 questions were asked about their intakes of food items.…”

“…Our methodology has been described in great detail in previous research [ 22 ]. In short, we carried out this case–control study at Beijing Tiantan Hospital during 2022.…”

“…After reading the written materials and hearing the oral description of the study methodology, and with the participants’ permission, the pertinent information was gathered using a face-to-face questionnaire. Exclusion criteria mainly included major eating behavior changes (such as weight loss), hormone use, and other treatments that had an impact on nutrition, endocrine, digestive, and neurological diseases, abnormal energy expenditure (>5000 or 400 kcal/d), and pregnancy [ 22 ]. The control group was healthy residents from the community who were also screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria described above and matched 1:1 with the case population by age (±5 years) and sex.…”

Chinese Dietary Indices and Glioma: New Insights of a Case–Control Study in the Chinese Population

“…To ensure the quality of dietary surveys, we also re-verified the revised FFQ. The correlation coefficients of the food group and nutrients were between 0.380 and 0.847 [ 34 ], suggesting that the FFQ provided a reasonable and effective measurement method for assessing long-term dietary intake. The vast majority of cases had dietary surveys during the period before chemotherapy after pathological diagnosis.…”

Healthy and Unhealthy Plant-Based Diets and Glioma in the Chinese Population

“…This study design on diet and glioma has been previously reported [20]. In short, this case-control research involved in people over the age of 18.…”