Association between dietary phytochemical index and 3-year changes in weight, waist circumference and body adiposity index in adults: Tehran Lipid and Glucose study

Abstract

BackgroundHigh intakes of phytochemical-rich foods have favorable effects on the prevention of chronic diseases. In this study we assessed the dietary phytochemical index (PI) in relation to 3-year change in weight, waist circumference (WC), body adiposity index (BAI) among Tehranian adults.MethodsThis longitudinal study was conducted in the framework of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, between 2006–2008 and 2009–2011, on 1938 adults, aged 19–70 y. The usual intake of participants was measured at baseline using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and dietary PI was calculated. Anthropometric measures were assessed both at baseline and 3 years later. Multiple regression models were used to estimate mean difference changes in anthropometrics associated with various dietary PI.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 40.4 ± 13.0 y, at baseline, respectively. Mean weight gain was 1.49 ± 5.06 kg (1.65 ± 5.3 kg in men and 1.34 ± 4.9 kg in women) during 3-year period. After adjustment for potential confounding variables including age at baseline, sex, BMI, educational levels, smoking, physical activity, total energy intake, dietary intake of carbohydrate, fat and protein, dietary intakes of whole grains in the highest quartile category of PI were inversely associated with 3-year changes in weight and WC (P for trend <0.05). Dietary intake of fruits in the highest quartile was also associated with lower weight gain during the study period (P for trend <0.05). There was significant inverse association between the highest quartile category of dietary PI with the 3-year changes in weight and BAI (P for trend <0.05).ConclusionHigher dietary PI could have favorable effects on prevention of weight gain and reduction of body adiposity in adults.

Dietary Phytochemical Index and the Risk of Breast Cancer: A Case Control Study in a Population of Iranian Women

“…b Additional adjustment for age at menarche (y), age at firs pregnancy (y), number of full pregnancy, smoking (yes/no), use of oral contraceptive (yes/no) and the use of bra (<12 h/>12h). of disease (Vincent et al, 2010;Mirmiran et al, 2012). Despite the protective effects of whole plant foods against the risk of breast cancer remain unclear (Nicodemus at al., 2001;Egeberg et al, 2009Masala at al., 2012, in the recent years, there have been growing evidences that phytochemicals and natural bioactive components in plant foods could have preventive effects in the incidence and development of different type of cancers (Loo et al, 2003;Saracino et al, 2007); moreover there is new approach to phytochemicals as standard complementary treatment of cancers (Sak et al, 2012).…”

“…This index is a simple method for assessment of phytochemical intake that, despite its limitations, could provide important background for diet quality in relation to chronic diseases (Vincent et al, 2010;Bahadoran et al, 2012;Mirmiran et al, 2012). In this case-control study we aimed to investigate the association between modified dietary phytochemical index and the risk of breast cancer in a population of Iranian women.…”

The impact of fruit and vegetable intake on weight management

“…Some phyto chem ic als (e.g., β -carotene, β -cryptox anthin) have been linked to obesity preven tion, although the evid ence is not as strong (Mirmiran et al , 2012;Murthy et al , 2009;Tucci, 2010;Vincent et al , 2010;Williams et al , 2013). Higher dietary phyto chem ical indexes and some phyto chem ic als showed poten tially promising effects on appet ite and weight control (Mirmiran et al , 2012;Tucci, 2010).…”

“…Some prop er ties have been specific ally linked to weight management and obesity preven tion, includ ing phyto chem ic als (Mirmiran et al , 2012;Murthy et al , 2009;Tucci, 2010;Vincent et al , 2010;Williams et al , 2013), fiber (Anderson et al , 2009;Babio et al , 2010;Slavin, 2005), and low energy density (Drewnowski et al , 2004;Ledikwe et al , 2006;Pérez-Escamilla et al , 2012;Rolls et al , 2004).…”

“…Higher dietary phyto chem ical indexes and some phyto chem ic als showed poten tially promising effects on appet ite and weight control (Mirmiran et al , 2012;Tucci, 2010). For example, pinolenic acid, found in Korean pine nuts, may suppress appet ite by trig gering release of the satiety hormone cholecys tokinin (Pasman et al , 2008;Tucci, 2010).…”