Association between different metabolic phenotypes of obesity and thyroid disorders among Chinese adults: a nationwide cross-sectional study

Song, Bo; Lu, Cihang; Teng, Di; Shan, Zhongyan; Teng, Weiping

doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1158013

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Another Chinese scholar, Shan, Zhongyan, also conducted a large cohort study to investigate the association between obesity and different metabolic phenotypes of thyroid disease in Chinese adults. [20] The results were analyzed by the corresponding authors. Among the results of the analysis of co-cited authors, REINEHR T has the most citations with 119.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual analysis of obesity and hypothyroidism: A bibliometric analysis

Yao,

Zhang,

Tai

et al. 2024

Medicine

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Background: The prevalence of obesity is gradually increasing and is closely associated with hypothyroidism. It is of research interest to explore the association between obesity and hypothyroidism and the current status of research. Methods: We chose the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database as the data source and searched to obtain relevant literature on obesity and hypothyroidism. And we used CiteSpace and VOSviewer to analyze the related literature. Results: A total of 508 articles were included in the literature, with an overall increasing trend in the number of publications. There were 170 relevant countries or organizations, and the United States was the country with the most publications. There were 1742 related organizations, and the Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB) was the organization with the most publications. There are 3015 authors involved, and there is a clear collaboration between authors. There are 227 related journals and J CLIN ENDOCR METAB is the most cited journal. The most frequently occurring keywords were obesity and hypothyroidism, but also other related topics such as bariatric surgery, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, body mass index, and leptin. Conclusion: The research related to obesity and hypothyroidism is gradually gaining attention, and the research direction is gradually expanding to metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, leptin, and other related topics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual analysis of obesity and hypothyroidism: A bibliometric analysis

Yao,

Zhang,

Tai

et al. 2024

Medicine

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“…Teng et al. (year) explored the association between thyroid function and metabolic syndrome and observed that the subclinical hypothyroidism group had higher levels of BMI, waist circumference, SBP, and TG compared to the normal thyroid function group ( 28 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and invasive papillary thyroid cancer

Li,

Zhang,

Dionigi

et al. 2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundSubclinical hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid dysfunction. Approximately 10% of patients with thyroid cancer have subclinical hypothyroidism. There is a paucity of real-world studies examining the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and known correlates of invasiveness of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Materials and methodsA retrospective cohort study of 13,717 patients with PTC was conducted. Odds ratios were calculated to assess the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and extrathyroidal extension (ETE) after adjusting for BMI and genders. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data were utilized for the analysis of TSHR-associated pathways, while qRT-PCR was employed to validate the expression levels of pivotal genes in the relevant signaling pathways.ResultsIn total, 13,717 PTC patients (10,769 women and 2,948 men; mean [SD] age, 42.90 [9.43] years) were included in the retrospective study. Subclinical hypothyroidism was an independent risk factor for ETE (OR adjusted, 1.168 [95% CI, 1.028–1.327]; P=0.017). In normal-weight patients, subclinical hypothyroidism was an independent risk factor for ETE (OR adjusted, 1.287 [95% CI, 1.089–1.520]; P=0.003). However, this risk was not observed in under-weight, overweight, and obese patients. Compared to females, subclinical hypothyroidism was a higher risk factor for ETE in male patients with normal body weight (OR male=2.363 vs. OR female=1.228). Subclinical hypothyroidism was found to be a significant risk factor for ETE in the subgroup of patients younger than 38 years old (OR1 adjusted, 1.382 [95% CI, 1.032–1.852], P=0.030). The findings from Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of the autophagy signaling pathway in TSHR/ETE/EMT regulation. Moreover, the gene expression levels demonstrated a concentration-dependent relationship between TSH intervention levels and the expression of key genes in the autophagy pathway of thyroid cancer cells.ConclusionSubclinical hypothyroidism was an independent risk factor for ETE in patients with PTC. This association was particularly significant in normal-weight and younger patients. The risk of ETE associated with subclinical hypothyroidism was higher in males compared to females. Our study indicates a potential involvement of the autophagy pathway in regulating the ETE phenotype in thyroid cancer, specifically in the context of subclinical hypothyroidism.

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“…Using national data from China, a cross-sectional survey named the “Thyroid disorders, Iodine Status, and Diabetes Epidemiological Survey” was carried out between 2015 and 2017 to examine the relationship between several metabolic phenotypes of obesity and thyroid disease. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that metabolically unhealthy individuals with and without obesity had an increased risk of SHypo compared to metabolically healthy individuals without obesity [ 28 ]. The results on 5009 consecutive de novo patients admitted for workup and rehabilitation of obesity showed that females and non-smokers had higher TSH levels.…”

Section: Association Between Obesity and Shypomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In obese patients, leptin levels are correlated with serum TSH levels, and decreased levels of FT4 may be linked to elevated serum TSH levels [ 24 ] ( Figure 1 ). Numerous investigations have demonstrated a negative correlation between FT4 and BMI and a positive relationship between TSH and BMI [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. The old literature suggests that the increase in serum TSH and T3 levels observed in obese individuals could be a physiological mechanism to increase energy expenditure to improve weight gain.…”

Section: Association Between Obesity and Shypomentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Patients with Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review

Biondi

2023

Nutrients

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The literature on the connection between obesity, metabolic syndrome, and subclinical hypothyroidism is critically analyzed in this narrative review. These conditions are frequently observed among adult populations and various studies and meta-analyses have assessed their association. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in obese individuals is higher than in non-obese subjects and this trend is more pronounced in unhealthy obesity phenotypes. However, the diagnosis and treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism can be difficult in obese patients. Exaggerated body fat is linked to thyroid hypoechogenicity as evident through ultrasonography and euthyroid obese people have greater TSH, FT3, and FT3/FT4 ratios than non-obese individuals in a euthyroid condition. Moreover, a reduced expression of the TSH receptor and altered function of deiodinases has been found in the adipose tissue of obese patients. Current data do not support the necessity of a pharmacological correction of the isolated hyperthyrotropinemia in euthyroid obese patients because treatment with thyroid hormone does not significantly improve weight loss and the increase in serum TSH can be reversible after hypocaloric diet or bariatric surgery. On the other hand, obesity is linked to elevated leptin levels. Inflammation can raise the risk of Hashimoto thyroiditis, which increases the likelihood that obese patients will experience overt or subclinical hypothyroidism. Both metabolic syndrome and subclinical hypothyroidism are associated with atherosclerosis, liver and kidney disease. Hence, the association of these two illnesses may potentiate the adverse effects noted in each of them. Subclinical hypothyroidism should be identified in patients with obesity and treated with appropriate doses of L-thyroxine according to the lean body mass and body weight. Randomized controlled trials are necessary to verify whether treatment of thyroid deficiency could counteract the expected risks.

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Association between different metabolic phenotypes of obesity and thyroid disorders among Chinese adults: a nationwide cross-sectional study

Cited by 9 publications

References 49 publications

Visual analysis of obesity and hypothyroidism: A bibliometric analysis

Visual analysis of obesity and hypothyroidism: A bibliometric analysis

The relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and invasive papillary thyroid cancer

Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Patients with Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review

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