Association between early prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution and birth defects: evidence from newborns in Xi’an, China

Wang, Lingling; Xiaomei, Xiang; Mi, Baibing; Song, Hui; Dong, Min; Zhang, Shuiping; Bi, Yang; Zhao, Yaling; Li, Qiang; Zhang, Qi; Zhang, Li; Yan, Hong; Wang, Duolao; Dang, Shaonong

doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdy137

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The daily concentrations of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 , CO, NO 2 and O 3 on the dates between last menstrual period and date of delivery were determined based on maternal residential address. Monthly concentrations for the 3 months prior to pregnancy and the first trimester of pregnancy were estimated for each participant [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between ambient air pollution and birth defects in five major ethnic groups in Liuzhou, China

et al. 2021

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Background Studies suggest that exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy may be associated with increased risks of birth defects (BDs), but conclusions have been inconsistent. This study describes the ethnic distribution of major BDs and examines the relationship between air pollution and BDs among different ethnic groups in Liuzhou city, China. Methods Surveillance data of infants born in 114 registered hospitals in Liuzhou in 2019 were analyzed to determine the epidemiology of BDs across five major ethnic groups. Concentrations of six air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO, NO2, O3) were obtained from the Liuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau. Logistic regression was used to examine the associations between ambient air pollution exposure and risk of BDs. Results Among 32,549 infants, 635 infants had BDs, yielding a prevalence of 19.5 per 1000 perinatal infants. Dong ethnic group had the highest prevalence of BDs (2.59%), followed by Yao (2.57%), Miao (2.35%), Zhuang (2.07%), and Han (1.75%). Relative to the Han ethnic group, infants from Zhuang, Miao, Yao and Dong groups had lower risks of congenital heart disease, polydactyly, and hypospadias. The Zhuang ethnic group had higher risks of severe thalassemia, cleft lip and/or palate, and syndactyls. Overall BDs were positively correlated with air pollutants PM10 (aOR =1.14, 95% CI:1.12 ~ 2.43; aOR =1.51, 95% CI:1.13 ~ 2.03 for per 10μg/mg3 increment) and CO (aOR =1.36, 95% CI:1.14 ~ 2.48; aOR =1.75, 95% CI:1.02 ~ 3.61 for every 1 mg /m3 increment) in second and third month of pregnancy. SO2 was also significantly associated with BDs in the second month before the pregnancy (aOR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.20 ~ 3.22) and third month of pregnancy (aOR =1.75; 95% CI:1.02 ~ 3.61). Congenital heart disease, polydactyl, cleft lip and/or palate were also significantly associated with PM10, SO2 and CO exposures. However, no significant association was found between birth defects and O3, PM2.5 and NO2 exposures (P > 0.05). Conclusion This study provides a comprehensive description of ethnic differences in BDs in Southwest China and broadens the evidence of the association between air pollution exposure during gestation and BDs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between ambient air pollution and birth defects in five major ethnic groups in Liuzhou, China

et al. 2021

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“…[10–14] The study in Xi’an, China, used a generalized additive model to investigate the relationship between birth defects and ambient air pollutants, showed nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) increased risk of neural tube defects, congenital heart disease, congenital polydactyly, cleft palate, digestive system abnormalities and gastroschisis, and PM 10 was associated with congenital heart disease and cleft lip with or without cleft palate. [10] The hospital-based case-control study in Fuzhou, China, showed some positive associations between maternal exposure to ambient particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 mm or less (PM 10 ) during the first 2 months of pregnancy and fetal cardiovascular malformations. [13] The retrospective cohort study in Anqing city, Eastern China, suggested that exposure to ambient sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) during pregnancy may increase the risk of birth defects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between ambient air pollution and birth defects in four cities in Hunan province, China, from 2014 to 2016

Xiong¹,

Zenghui

Wang³

et al. 2019

Medicine

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This study was performed to assess whether air pollution was positively associated with birth defects and if a specific pregnancy stage played a role. This was a population-based case-control study comprising 153,822 perinatal births in four cities located in Hunan province, China, during the period 2014 to 2016. Exposure to SO2, NO2, and PM10 in each pregnant woman in the first 3 months before pregnancy, and in the first and third trimester was assessed. The risk of birth defects related to SO2 in the first 3 months before pregnancy was between 1.191 and 1.566. In the first trimester stage the risk was between 1.104 and 1.348. The risk of birth defects related to NO2 before pregnancy was 1.285 (95%CI: 1.180–1.399), in the first trimester stage the risk was between 1.280 (95%CI: 1.197–1.368) and 1.380 (95%CI: 1.293–1.473). In the third month before delivery the risk was 1.484 (95%CI: 1.366–1.613). The risk of birth defects related to PM10 in the first month of pregnancy was 1.098 (95%CI: 1.057–1.140), and in the third month before delivery the risk was 1.296 (95%CI: 1.222–1.375). SO2 had a greater effect on the prophase of pregnancy, while NO2 and PM10 had an effect in the late third trimester.

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“…However, this association was less evident in the rst trimester (OR = 1.01 [95% CI = 0.98-1.03]). 95% CI = 1.019-1.049) and the highest risks were observed in the second month of pregnancy (RR = 1.031, 95% CI = 1.020-1.042) [24]. More positive associations between PM10 exposure and overall CAs have been observed in Korea and Italy, but these associations were not statistically signi cant [25,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Associations between maternal exposure to particulate matter (≤10 microns) and congenital anomalies in Liaoning Province, China: A case-control study (2010–2015)

Huang¹,

Chen²,

Huang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: A growing number of reports suggest that maternal exposure to ambient air pollution is a potential risk factor for congenital anomalies (CAs). However, most studies have focused on specific CAs, especially congenital heart defects, while relatively few have investigated the effects of exposure to particulate matter of ≤10 microns (PM10) on CAs overall, but with inconsistent results. This study aims to investigate the associations between maternal exposure to PM10 and the risks of CAs in offspring in Liaoning Province.Methods: Cases of CAs (n = 31,407) and controls (n = 7,958) were selected from the Maternal and Child Health Certificate Registry of Liaoning Province from 2010 to 2015. PM10 concentrations were obtained from the Environment Protection Bureau in the same region. A multivariable logistic regression model combined with variables was used to analyze the association between maternal PM10 exposure and the risks of CAs.Results: Exposure to higher levels of PM10 significantly increased the risks of CAs. In adjusted model I, the odds ratio (OR) of moderate and severe exposure at 3 months before pregnancy was 1.25 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11–1.40) and 1.40 (95% CI = 1.25–1.57), respectively. In the first trimester, the OR of moderate and severe exposure was 1.27 (95% CI = 1.12–1.44) and 1.71 (95% CI = 1.16–1.93), respectively.Conclusions: Maternal exposure to PM10 was significantly associated with increased risks of CAs in Liaoning Province from 2010 to 2015. Pre-pregnancy (3 months) and the first trimester were identified as potential windows of susceptibility.

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Association between early prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution and birth defects: evidence from newborns in Xi’an, China

Abstract: Chinese women should avoid exposure to high levels of NO2 and PM10 during the first 3 months of pregnancy.

Cited by 44 publications

References 30 publications

The association between ambient air pollution and birth defects in five major ethnic groups in Liuzhou, China

The association between ambient air pollution and birth defects in five major ethnic groups in Liuzhou, China

The association between ambient air pollution and birth defects in four cities in Hunan province, China, from 2014 to 2016

Associations between maternal exposure to particulate matter (≤10 microns) and congenital anomalies in Liaoning Province, China: A case-control study (2010–2015)

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