Association Between Electronic Cigarette Use and Smoking Reduction in France

Gomajee, Ramchandar; El-Khoury, Fabienne; Goldberg, Marcel; Zins, Marie; Lemogne, Cédric; Wiernik, Emmanuel; Lequy, Émeline; Romanello, Lucile; Kousignian, Isabelle; Melchior, Maria

doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.1483

Cited by 59 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…to take up smoking or to relapse. This may con rm other studies on the greater likelihood of relapse (47) or taking up smoking among younger populations (12). However, as a caveat, for never-smoking, non-EC-users at t1 who smoked and vaped at t2, we do not know which habit began rst.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Findings from the same study (46) showed that at least high frequency of EC use at follow-up (but no use at baseline) may be associated with a reduction in CCs smoked. A general population study in France examined daily smokers and former daily smokers (47). After two years, regular (daily) vapers had reduced their daily CC use by about 1.7 cigarettes per day more than non-vapers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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E-cigarette Use for Smoking Reduction and Cessation in a Four-year Follow-up Study Among Young Swiss Men: Some may Benefit, but they are Few.

Gmel¹,

Wicki²,

Marmet³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundRandomised controlled trials have shown some benefits to using e-cigarettes (ECs) to facilitate smoking reduction and cessation, but real-world observational studies have rarely confirmed this. The present study looked at EC use and smoking during a four-year longitudinal study of young men. It compares general population findings with a subgroup of individuals with a good prognosis for quitting smoking. MethodsThe smoking habits of 5353 young men at t1 (average 21.3 years old) were defined as either never-smoker, ex-smoker, initiates, relapsed smoker or persistent smoker. At follow-up (t2), smoking status was analysed using logistic regression, differences in the number of cigarettes smoked by persistent t1/t2 smokers were analysed using mixed linear models and the number of quit attempts was analysed using negative binomial models. ResultsAt the general population level, EC use had no beneficial effects on reducing or ceasing smoking. Non-smokers (never- and ex-) and smokers at t1 were more likely to be smokers at t2 if they had begun to use ECs (e.g. among persistent smokers OR=4.56, 95% CI [2.75, 7.58]), but not-significantly so if they had already used ECs at t1. Among smokers at t1, almost daily EC use at t1 was associated with a non-significant reduction in smoking at t2 (OR=0.74, 95% CI [0.33, 1.65]), but occasional EC use significantly increased smoking at t2 (OR=3.05, 95% CI [2.29, 4.06]). Both daily and occasional EC use increased smoking at t2 among t1 non-smokers. T2 smokers made more attempts to quit when using ECs at t2 (IRR=1.53, 95% CI [1.26, 1.85]). Beneficial effects were found among a subgroup of EC users with a good prognosis for quitting (using nicotine liquids and at least 2nd generation ECs, motivation to quit and daily EC use at t2, but not t1). ConclusionSome smokers may have benefitted from using ECs, but they were few. At the general population level, ECs are not predominantly used in a way, which might optimise reducing or ceasing smoking. Therefore, the public health effect on the general population of using ECs may be questionable, as may policy measures to facilitate EC use.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-cigarette Use for Smoking Reduction and Cessation in a Four-year Follow-up Study Among Young Swiss Men: Some may Benefit, but they are Few.

Gmel¹,

Wicki²,

Marmet³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In England in 2019, vaping devices were used in 31.9% of quit attempts, followed by NRT over‐the‐counter (13.7%), varenicline (4.4%) and prescribed NRT (4%) . In France since 2010, 27% of smokers who tried to quit used vaping compared to 18% who used NRT .…”

Section: Is There Enough Vaping To Influence Population Smoking Rates?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Could vaping help lower smoking rates in Australia?

Mendelsohn

Hall

Borland

2020

Drug and Alcohol Review

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In this brief article, we review the evidence on whether easier access to vaping could help lower smoking rates in Australia. To make a convincing case for vaping the following conditions need to be met: that vaping assists in smoking cessation; that the prevalence of vaping is high enough to produce measurable effects at a population level; and that the decline in smoking prevalence is slower in countries where vaping is less common. The evidence suggests that these criteria are satisfied. [Mendelsohn C, Hall W, Borland R. Could vaping help lower smoking rates in Australia? Drug Alcohol Rev 2020;39:415-418]

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“…Sixty-seven percent more e-cigarette users than non-users quit smoking altogether. However, there were 70% more relapses among former smokers who used e-cigarettes than among those who did not use the devices [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%