Association between Endocrine Pancreas and Ductal System. More than an Epiphenomenon of Endocrine Differentiation and Development?

Bertelli, Eugenio; Bendayan, Moı̈se

doi:10.1369/jhc.5r6640.2005

Cited by 72 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 202 publications

(249 reference statements)

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“…Single endocrine cells are scattered in the epithelium of interlobular ducts. It is now becoming accepted that there is a close anatomical contact between islets and ducts (in addition to islet-acini), and there is an insulo-ductal portal system [166,167]. Functionally, several islet hormones affect acinar and ductal secretion [166], e.g.…”

Section: Integrated Pancreatic Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purinergic receptors in the endocrine and exocrine pancreas

Novak

2007

Purinergic Signalling

115

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The pancreas is a complex gland performing both endocrine and exocrine functions. In recent years there has been increasing evidence that both endocrine and exocrine cells possess purinergic receptors, which influence processes such as insulin secretion and epithelial ion transport. Most commonly, these processes have been viewed separately. In β cells, stimulation of P2Y 1 receptors amplifies secretion of insulin in the presence of glucose. Nucleotides released from secretory granules could also contribute to autocrine/paracrine regulation in pancreatic islets. In addition to P2Y 1 receptors, there is also evidence for other P2 and adenosine receptors in β cells (P2Y 2 , P2Y 4 , P2Y 6 , P2X subtypes and A 1 receptors) and in glucagon-secreting α cells (P2X 7 , A 2 receptors). In the exocrine pancreas, acini release ATP and ATP-hydrolysing and ATP-generating enzymes. P2 receptors are prominent in pancreatic ducts, and several studies indicate that P2Y 2 , P2Y 4 , P2Y 11 , P2X 4 and P2X 7 receptors could regulate secretion, primarily by affecting Cl − and K + channels and intracellular Ca 2+ signalling. In order to understand the physiology of the whole organ, it is necessary to consider the full complement of purinergic receptors on different cells as well as the structural and functional relation between various cells within the whole organ. In addition to the possible physiological function of purinergic receptors, this review analyses whether the receptors could be potential therapeutic targets for drug design aimed at treatment of pancreatic diseases.

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Section: Integrated Pancreatic Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purinergic receptors in the endocrine and exocrine pancreas

Novak

2007

Purinergic Signalling

115

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“…Surrounding acinar and ductal cells are considered to be the source of important islet growth and regulatory factors, and the loss of their influences following islet isolation and culture may result in disordered beta cell function [18,19]. In the present investigation we sought to determine whether appropriate glucose signalling and insulin secretion could be restored in culture by re-establishing cellular interactions between islets and non-endocrine components of the human pancreas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustained insulin secretory response in human islets co-cultured with pancreatic duct-derived epithelial cells within a rotational cell culture system

et al. 2009

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Aims/hypothesis Loss of the trophic support provided by surrounding non-endocrine pancreatic cell populations underlies the decline in beta cell mass and insulin secretory function observed in human islets following isolation and culture. This study sought to determine whether restoration of regulatory influences mediated by ductal epithelial cells promotes sustained beta cell function in vitro. Methods Human islets were isolated according to existing protocols. Ductal epithelial cells were harvested from the exocrine tissue remaining after islet isolation, expanded in monolayer culture and characterised using fluorescence immunocytochemistry. The two cell types were co-cultured under conventional static culture conditions or within a rotational cell culture system. The effect of co-culture on islet structural integrity, beta cell mass and insulin secretory capacity was observed for 10 days following isolation. Results Human islets maintained under conventional culture conditions exhibited a characteristic loss in structural integrity and functional viability as indicated by a diminution of glucose responsiveness. By contrast, co-culture of islets with ductal epithelial cells led to preserved islet morphology and sustained beta cell function, most evident in co-cultures held within the rotational cell culture system, which showed a significantly (p<0.05) greater insulin secretory response to elevated glucose compared with control islets. Similarly, insulin/protein ratio data suggested that the presence of ductal epithelial cells is beneficial for the maintenance of beta cell mass. Conclusions/interpretation The data indicate a supportive role for ductal epithelial cells in islet viability. Further characterisation of the regulatory influences may lead to novel strategies to improve long-term beta cell function both in vitro and following islet transplantation.

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“…The existence of topographical associations and functional relationships between different pancreatic components emphasizes the need for an imaging approach that is capable of visualizing their 3D structure and morphology. 13,14 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Obtaining information about the 3D structure of both endocrine and exocrine components of the pancreas simultaneously has great potential value, because of the systematic and complex physical, topographical, and functional associations between these components, which can reflect pathological changes. 13,19 …”

Section: Organization Of the Endocrine Pancreasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization of Mouse Pancreas Architecture Using MR Microscopy

Grippo

Venkatasubramanian

Knop

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Pathology

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Pancreatic diseases, which include diabetes, pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer, are often difficult to detect and/or stage, contributing to a reduced quality of life and lifespan for patients. Thus, there is need for a technology that can visualize tissue changes in the pancreas, improve understanding of disease progression, and facilitate earlier detection in the human population. Because of low spatial resolution, current clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at low field strength has yet to fully visualize the exocrine, endocrine, vascular, and stromal components of the pancreas. We used high field strength magnetic resonance microscopy ( MRI) to image mouse pancreas ex vivo without contrast agents at high spatial resolution. We analyzed the resulting high-resolution images using volume rendering to resolve components in the pancreas, including acini, islets, blood vessels, and extracellular matrix. Locations and dimensions of pancreatic components as seen in three-dimensional MRI were compared with histological images, and good correspondence was found. Future longitudinal studies could expand on the use of in vivo MRI in mouse models of pancreatic diseases. Capturing three-dimensional structural changes through MRI could help to identify early cellular and tissue changes associated with pancreatic disease, serving as a mode of improved detection in the clinic for endocrine and exocrine pathologies.

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Association between Endocrine Pancreas and Ductal System. More than an Epiphenomenon of Endocrine Differentiation and Development?

Cited by 72 publications

References 202 publications

Purinergic receptors in the endocrine and exocrine pancreas

Purinergic receptors in the endocrine and exocrine pancreas

Sustained insulin secretory response in human islets co-cultured with pancreatic duct-derived epithelial cells within a rotational cell culture system

Visualization of Mouse Pancreas Architecture Using MR Microscopy

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