Association between epilepsy and headache

Mutlu, Aytül

doi:10.1007/s10072-018-3558-0

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A more recent meta-analysis (including studies published between 2004 and 2019) estimated a 49% prevalence of unspecified headache among people with epilepsy 9 . Additional evidence has confirmed the findings of these meta-analyses regarding the co-existence of epilepsy and headache (Table 1) [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] . In these studies, ≤79% of individuals with epilepsy reported experiencing headaches.…”

Section: [H1] Epidemiological Evidencesupporting

confidence: 72%

“…In these studies, ≤79% of individuals with epilepsy reported experiencing headaches. The most common headache types in individuals with epilepsy were migraine (reported by ≤25% of participants) and TTH (reported by ≤40% of participants) 10,13,14,16,18 .…”

Section: [H1] Epidemiological Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A classification of pre-ictal headache is not given in the ICHD-3 5 , but the comments section calls for more studies to establish the existence, prevalence and features of this type of headache. The results of cohort studies suggest that possible pre-ictal headaches (without EEG confirmation) occur in 1-10% of people with epilepsy 10,[12][13][14][15]19,21 -(Table 1) the headache is migraine-like in 30-60% of these individuals and tension-type in ~20% [10][11][12][13][14][15]17,19,21 .…”

Section: Headache Concomitant With Ictal Epileptic Discharges Should Be Classified As Ictal Epileptic Headache (See Below)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Headache in people with epilepsy

et al. 2021

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Epidemiological estimations indicate that individuals with epilepsy are more likely to experience headaches, including migraine than individuals without epilepsy. Headaches can be temporally unrelated to seizures, or can occur before, during or after an episode; seizures and migraine attacks are mostly not temporally linked. The pathophysiological links between headaches (including migraine) and epilepsy are complex and have not yet been fully elucidated. Correct diagnoses and appropriate treatment of headaches in individuals with epilepsy is essential, as headaches can contribute substantially to disease burden. Here, we review the insights that have been made into the associations between headache and epilepsy over the last 5 years, including information on the pathophysiological mechanisms and genetic variants that link the two disorders. We also discuss the current best practice for the management of headaches co-occurring with epilepsy and highlight future challenges for this area of research. [H1] IntroductionThe hallmark of epilepsy is an enduring predisposition to seizures accompanied by neurobiological, cognitive and psychological comorbidities 1 . Epileptic seizures are defined as the disruption of normal neuronal functioning owing to excessive or synchronous neuronal activity, leading to an epileptic event that is discernible by the person and/or by an observer 1 . An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 estimated that >50 million people worldwide had active epilepsy, that is, they had continuing seizures or were receiving epilepsy treatment 2 .The origin and cause of seizures can vary. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) scheme 3 classifies seizures as either "focal", meaning that seizures originate at a specific location in one hemisphere; "generalised", denoting seizures that engage bilaterally distributed networks; or "unknown", for seizures with an undefined origin. The ILAE classifies epilepsy as either "focal", "generalised", "focal and generalised", or "unknown", depending on the type of seizures that occur 3 . The same scheme also classifies epilepsy according to aetiology, including "structural" (for example, associated with a brain tumour or gliosis), "genetic", "metabolic" (for example, associated with mitochondrial disease), "infectious", "immune" or "unknown" 3 . The category "unknown" includes genetic, metabolic and structural causes that have not yet been identified.Headaches are among the commonest disorders globally -the Global burden of Disease Study 2017 estimated that there were > 3 billion individuals with headache across 195 countries and territories 4 . The International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 (ICHD-3) 5 distinguishes between primary headaches -including migraine, tension-type headache (TTH) and trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias -and secondary headaches, which are attributable to other disorders or substances. TTH, which affects >2 billion people globally 4 , is a poorly defined featureless headache that lacks the characteristic featu...

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Section: [H1] Epidemiological Evidencesupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: [H1] Epidemiological Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Headache Concomitant With Ictal Epileptic Discharges Should Be Classified As Ictal Epileptic Headache (See Below)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Headache in people with epilepsy

et al. 2021

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“…This finding was similar to findings from the Epilepsy Family Study of Columbia University were the relative risk of migraine and stroke was 2.4 [58]. A large Scottish analysis that found that epilepsy occurred in 2.0% of the migraine group and 0.9% in the nonmigraine group (OR 2.19 [1.89, 2.54]) [36] However, in an analysis of patients with epilepsy who were asked if they have headache, the prevalence of migraine was 15% and was similar to prevalence figures in the general population, but far less than that observed in this analysis [59]. Overlapping mechanisms in epilepsy and migraine, such as mutations in genes for ion channels or neurotransmitter systems may contribute to comorbidities [60].…”

Section: Neurologic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 41%

Comorbid and co-occurring conditions in migraine and associated risk of increasing headache pain intensity and headache frequency: results of the migraine in America symptoms and treatment (MAST) study

Buse

Reed²,

Fanning³

et al. 2020

J Headache Pain

190

168

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Background: Migraine has many presumed comorbidities which have rarely been compared between samples with and without migraine. Examining the association between headache pain intensity and monthly headache day (MHD) frequency with migraine comorbidities is novel and adds to our understanding of migraine comorbidity. Methods: The MAST Study is a prospective, web-based survey that identified US population samples of persons with migraine (using modified International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 beta criteria) and without migraine. Eligible migraine participants averaged ≥1 MHDs over the prior 3 months. Comorbidities "confirmed by a healthcare professional diagnosis" were endorsed by respondents from a list of 21 common cardiovascular, neurologic, psychiatric, sleep, respiratory, dermatologic, pain and medical comorbidities. Multivariable binary logistic regression calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals for each condition between the two groups adjusting for sociodemographics. Modeling within the migraine cohort assessed rates of conditions as a function of headache pain intensity, MHD frequency, and their combination. Results: Analyses included 15,133 people with migraine (73.0% women, 77.7% White, mean age 43 years) and 77, 453 controls (46.4% women, 76.8% White, mean age 52 years). People with migraine were significantly (P < 0.001) more likely to report insomnia (OR 3.79 [3.6, 4.0]), depression (OR 3.18 [3.0, 3.3]), anxiety (OR 3.18 [3.0 3.3]), gastric ulcers/GI bleeding (OR 3.11 [2.8, 3.5]), angina (OR 2.64 [2.4, 3.0]) and epilepsy (OR 2.33 [2.0, 2.8]), among other conditions. Increasing headache pain intensity was associated with comorbidities related to inflammation (psoriasis, allergy), psychiatric disorders (depression, anxiety) and sleep conditions (insomnia). Increasing MHD frequency was associated with increased risk for nearly all conditions and most prominent among those with comorbid gastric ulcers/GI bleeding, diabetes, anxiety, depression, insomnia, asthma and allergies/hay fever.

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“…Learning is one cognitive issue or a consequence and learning problems that lead to an major obstacle to get educational and professional success (66); Psychiatric comorbidities refer to behavior and mood problems, such as bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, anxiety disorders and autism (66). Neurological comorbidities are migraine headache (69), sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea, insomnia, restless legs syndrome, and the parasomnias (70), pain (neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, chronic pain) and other (asthma, diabetes, and high blood pressure) (71). The comorbidities are frequent seen in patients with epilepsy, and can deteriorate quality of life further than seizures themselves do (18).…”

Section: Comorbidities Associated With Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of DNA Methylation and Adenosine in Ketogenic Diet for Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy: Focus on Epileptogenesis and Associated Comorbidities

Fan

Luan

et al. 2019

Front. Neurol.

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Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by a long term propensity to produce unprovoked seizures and by the associated comorbidities including neurological, cognitive, psychiatric, and impairment the quality of life. Despite the clinic availability of several novel antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) with different mechanisms of action, more than one-third of patients with epilepsy suffer with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Until now, no AEDs have been proven to confer the efficacy in alteration of disease progression or inhibition of the development of epilepsy. The ketogenic diet, the high-fat, low-carbohydrate composition is an alternative metabolic therapy for epilepsy, especially for children with drug-resistant epilepsy. Recently clinical and experimental results demonstrate its efficacy in ameliorating both seizures and comorbidities associated with epilepsy, such as cognitive/psychiatric concerns for the patients with refractory epilepsy. Of importance, ketogenic diet demonstrates to be a promising disease-modifying or partial antiepileptogenesis therapy for epilepsy. The mechanisms of action of ketogenic diet in epilepsy have been revealed recently, such as epigenetic mechanism for increase the adenosine level in the brain and inhibition of DNA methylation. In the present review, we will focus on the mechanisms of ketogenic diet therapies underlying adenosine system in the prevention of epileptogenesis and disease modification. In addition, we will review the role of ketogenic diet therapy in comorbidities associated epilepsy and the underlying mechanisms of adenosine.

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Association between epilepsy and headache

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Headache in people with epilepsy

Headache in people with epilepsy

Comorbid and co-occurring conditions in migraine and associated risk of increasing headache pain intensity and headache frequency: results of the migraine in America symptoms and treatment (MAST) study

Role of DNA Methylation and Adenosine in Ketogenic Diet for Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy: Focus on Epileptogenesis and Associated Comorbidities

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