Association between human rhinovirus C and severity of acute asthma in children

Abstract

A new and potentially more pathogenic group of human rhinovirus (HRV), group C (HRVC), has recently been discovered. We hypothesised that HRVC would be present in children with acute asthma and cause more severe attacks than other viruses or HRV groups.Children with acute asthma (n5128; age 2-16 yrs) were recruited on presentation to an emergency department. Asthma exacerbation severity was assessed, and respiratory viruses and HRV strains were identified in a nasal aspirate.The majority of the children studied had moderate-to-severe asthma (85.2%) and 98.9% were admitted to hospital. HRV was detected in 87.5% and other respiratory viruses in 14.8% of children, most of whom also had HRV. HRVC was present in the majority of children with acute asthma (59.4%) and associated with more severe asthma. Children with HRVC (n576) had higher asthma severity scores than children whose HRV infection was HRVA or HRVB only (n534; p50.018), and all other children (n550; p50.016). Of the 19 children with a non-HRV virus, 13 had HRV co-infections, seven of these being HRVC.HRVC accounts for the majority of asthma attacks in children presenting to hospital and causes more severe attacks than previously known HRV groups and other viruses.

Children under five years of age in senegal: A group highly exposed to respiratory viruses infections

“…Interestingly, in the present pediatric study about 59.7% of picornaviruses infection cases are related to low respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) although these viruses are usually related to mild URTI. These results underline a need for picornaviruses investigation during viral diagnosis of respiratory tract diseases in light of recently published data regarding the association of rhinoviruses especially with severe respiratory tract infections in children [37][38][39], and in asthma exacerbations [16,[40][41][42].…”

Anti‐inflammatory effects of the novel inhaled phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor CHF6001 on virus‐inducible cytokines

“…RVs account for up to 80% of asthma exacerbations in children (Bizzintino et al. 2010; Johnston et al. 1995) and approximately 60% of asthma exacerbations in adults (Nicholson et al.…”

Cadherin-related family member 3, a childhood asthma susceptibility gene product, mediates rhinovirus C binding and replication

“…Viruses belonging to the RV-C species were only discovered in 2006 (1,2), some 50 y after the initial identification of other RVs (3), because these viruses are not detectable by standard tissue-culture techniques (4)(5)(6)(7). RV-Cs are of special clinical interest because they can cause more severe illnesses requiring hospitalization in infants and children compared with the RV-A or RV-B, and are closely associated with acute exacerbations of asthma (8)(9)(10).…”