Association between Hydration Status and Body Composition in Healthy Adolescents from Spain

Abstract

At present, obesity and overweight are major public health concerns. Their classical determinants do not sufficiently explain the current situation and it is urgent to investigate other possible causes. In recent years, it has been suggested that water intake could have important implications for weight management. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of hydration status on body weight and composition in healthy adolescents from Spain. The study involved 372 subjects, aged 12–18 years. Water intake was assessed through the validated “hydration status questionnaire adolescent young”. Anthropometric measurements were performed according to the recommendations of the International Standards for Anthropometric Assessment (ISAK) and body composition was estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Water intake normalized by body weight was positively correlated with body water content (boys (B): r = 0.316, p = 0.000; girls (G): r = 0.245, p = 0.000) and inversely with body mass index (BMI) (B: r = −0.515, p = 0.000; G: r = −0.385, p =0.000) and fat body mass (B: r = −0.306, p = 0.000; G: r = −0.250, p = 0.001). Moreover, according to BMI, overweight/obese individuals consumed less water than normal weight ones. In conclusion, higher water balance and intake seems to be related with a healthier body composition.

Effects of Water Restriction and Water Replenishment on the Content of Body Water with Bioelectrical Impedance among Young Adults in Baoding, China: A Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)

“…A cross-sectional study conducted among young adults in China revealed a moderate correlation between water intake and body composition (such as the TBW/BW), in both males and females [ 24 ]. Similarly, in children, the water intake normalized by body weight is positively correlated with body water content, for both boys and girls [ 25 ]. Nevertheless, studies have demonstrated that approximately 50–65% of children and adults do not achieve the European Food Safety Association (EFSA) recommendation for total drinking fluids [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Phase angle and body composition in patients with overweight and obesity

“…PHA could re ect the water distribution between the intracellular and extracellular water compartments (42). Previous studies had shown an inverse relationship between BMI and water balance (49), due to greater hydration and uids in the extracellular compartments, obese people had a higher ECW/ICW ratio than non-obese people (42,50), and in healthy people, ECW/ICW ratio was an important determinant of the PHA(26). However, in our study, we didn't nd a signi cant change in the value of ECW/ICW with BMI increased.…”

Effectiveness of Community-Based Interventions Programs in Childhood Obesity Prevention in a Spanish Population According to Different Socioeconomic School Settings

“…Overweight and obesity have a multifactorial etiology involving genetic predisposition and multiple environmental factors, which include energy intake, activity level, composition of gut microflora, sedentary behavior, endocrine diseases, hydration status and/or socioeconomic position, among others [1,[13][14][15]. The first and key step to develop prevention and repair strategies for intervention before damage becomes irreversible is to develop programs to prevent childhood obesity.…”

“…Overweight and obesity are the result of an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure that leads to positive energy balance being associated with lifestyle (activity level) and dietary intake [12]. However, currently it is well known that obesity is influenced by other factors such as genetic background, composition of gut microflora, sedentary behavior, endocrine diseases, hydration status and/or socioeconomic position, among others [1,[13][14][15]. Currently, there is great evidence available in the literature suggesting the association between socioeconomic status and the development of childhood obesity.…”