Association between Hyperemesis Gravidarum in Iraqi Women with Helicobacter pylori Infection

Abstract

Background: Helicobacter pylori are gram-negative microaerophilic bacteria, and it is considered prevalent bacteria that affect people when transmitted fecally or orally. The infection in the acute stage manifests as stomach pain and acute gastritis, but the chronic infection causes peptic ulcers and gastritis, 2% of which may progress to stomach cancer. Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, which may occur in 75% of pregnant women in the first three months and hyperemesis gravidarum, which is extreme, persistent nausea and vomiting during pregnancy that occurs in about 2% only. Objective: Finding out how H. pylori infection relates to hyperemesis gravidarum was the main objective of this work. Subjects and Methods: One hundred blood samples were taken from people aged (16-35) years for the period from 10/1/2021 to 1/3/2022. Subjects were divided into four groups. The first group included twenty-five patients with severe H.G, the second group had twenty-three patients with mild H.G, the third group had twenty-two patients with a few H.G, and the fourth group included thirty pregnant without H.G. Measurements were made for all study groups to anti-IgA Ab, anti-IgG Ab, and anti-Cag A Ab level by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results:The statistical analysis showed a highly significant increase in the concentration of IgA in H.G compared to the control group (p > 0.01), a highly significant elevation in the concentration of IgG in H.G compared to the control group (p > 0.01), and a significant increase in concentration of anti-CagA Ab in H.G compared to control group (p>0.05). Conclusion:The present study shows that infection with Helicobacter pylori plays a role in hyperemesis gravidarum.