Association between<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>, Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus and gastric adenocarcinomas

Souza, Carolina Rosal Teixeira de; Almeida, Marcelli Carolini Alves; Khayat, André Salim; Silva, Emerson Lucena da; Soares, Paulo Cardoso; Chaves, Luiz Cláudio; Burbano, Rommel Rodrı́guez

doi:10.3748/wjg.v24.i43.4928

Cited by 49 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…In addition, our study revealed that MT genes are very rarely mutated and no statistically significant difference was observed for OS and disease-free survival (DFS) between cases with and without alteration of MTs in gastric cancer. The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), the second pathogen associated with GC, was found in approximately 20% of the samples in the present study, which was similar to previous studies [44–46]. Meanwhile, the outcomes in our study that GC located most frequently at the antrum are in line with previous studies [47–49].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of MT Family Isoforms as Potential Biomarker for Predicting Progression and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer

Tong

Líu

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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Background. Metallothioneins (MTs) family comprises many isoforms, most of which are frequently dysregulated in a wide range of cancers. However, the expression pattern and exact role of each distinct MT family isoform which contributes to tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance of gastric cancer (GC) are still unclear. Methods. Publicly available databases including Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Kaplan-Meier plotter, SurvExpress, MethHC, cBioportal, and GeneMANIA were accessed to perform an integrated bioinformatic analysis and try to detect fundamental relationships between each MT family member and GC. Results. Bioinformatic data indicated that the mRNA expression of all MT family members was almost lowly expressed in GC compared with normal gastric tissue (P<0.05), and patients with reduced mRNA expression of each individual MT member had inconsistent prognostic value (OS, FP, PPS), which depended on the individual isoform of MT. A negative correlation between the methylation in promoter region of majority of MT members and their mRNA expression was detected from MethHC database (p<0.001). Data downloaded from TCGA revealed that MTs were rarely mutated in GC patients and MT2A was frequently regulated by other three genes (FOS, JUN, SP1) in GC patients. Conclusion. MTs were nearly downregulated, and distinct type of MT harbored different prognostic role in GC patients. Methylation in gene promoter region of MTs partially contributed to their reduced expression in GC. Our comprehensive analyses from multiple independent databases may further lead researches to explore MT-targeting reagents or potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for GC patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of MT Family Isoforms as Potential Biomarker for Predicting Progression and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer

Tong

Líu

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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“…In the present study, the estimated EBV positive rate was 11.3%. EBV positive rates ranged from 1.2% to 89.2% in the individual eligible studies [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological Significance of EBV-Infected Gastric Carcinomas: A Meta-Analysis

2020

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Background and objectives: The present study aims to elucidate the clinicopathologic significance of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection in gastric carcinomas (GCs) through a meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: Sixty-one eligible studies were included in the present meta-analysis. The included patients, with and without EBV infection, were 2063 and 17,684, respectively. We investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics and various biomarkers, including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Results: The estimated EBV-infected rate of GCs was 0.113 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.088–0.143). The EBV infection rates in GC cells were 0.138 (95% CI: 0.096–0.194), 0.103 (95% CI: 0.077–0.137), 0.080 (95% CI: 0.061–0.106), and 0.042 (95% CI: 0.016–0.106) in the population of Asia, America, Europe, and Africa, respectively. There was a significant difference between EBV-infected and noninfected GCs in the male: female ratio, but not other clinicopathological characteristics. EBV infection rates were higher in GC with lymphoid stroma (0.573, 95% CI: 0.428–0.706) than other histologic types of GCs. There were significant differences in high AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) and PD-L1 expressions, and high CD8+ TILs between EBV-infected and noninfected GCs. Conclusions: Our results showed that EBV infection of GCs was frequently found in male patients and GCs with lymphoid stroma. EBV infection was significantly correlated with ARID1A and PD-L1 expressions and CD8+ TILs in GCs.

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“…In fact, the cytokine-and cell-adhesion-dependent bone marrow niche and stromal microenvironment support new vessel formation and cancer proliferation, irrespective of immune-surveillance [69].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric Cancer in History: A Perspective Interdisciplinary Study

Topi

Santacroce

Bottalico

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Background: Gastric adenocarcinoma is the fourth most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in the world. Despite abundant traces of an ancient history, the comprehension of its pathogenic mechanisms is rather recent and continuously updated. Methods: We investigated about how the ancient civilizations tried to understand the exactly physiopathology of gastric cancer, from the time when they could not examine deeply the histological and pathophysiologic aspects of the disease, but they just based their knowledge on a visual analysis of the signs and consequences of such disease. We examined the historical evolving knowledge of the disease along the centuries on the gastroenterological, pharmacological, and surgical fields, defining how gastric cancer became an increasingly curable disease. Results: Cancer was known in the ancient world. Ancient people did not know exactly the causes but the climatic, hygienic, and food conditions were the first to be considered over time, also taking into consideration supernatural negative influences. During the Renaissance, a tumultuous time of scientific discoveries started, thanks to an increasing number of autopsies made on cadavers and to the progressions in visual analysis of the stomach mucosa throughout endoscopy. From the first gastric surgery in 1879, many steps forward have been made and, today, gastric cancer is regarded as a more curable disease; one important discovery in this field has been the revelation of the role of Helicobacter pylori in the peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and in some forms of gastric lymphoma. Conclusions: Gastric cancer has the fourth highest incidence of various cancers worldwide and is ranked second as a cause of cancer-related death. It exists from the antiquity and a lot of hypotheses have been developed about its etiology during the centuries, influencing its therapy. During the 20th century, thanks to the scientific and technological progresses the causes of the cancer have been discovered and the role of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori has been demonstrated, and new perspective research are currently trying to investigate the role of other microorganisms in gastric physiopathology, as well as its possible modulation by probiotics.

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Association betweenHelicobacter pylori, Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus and gastric adenocarcinomas

Cited by 49 publications

References 79 publications

Evaluation of MT Family Isoforms as Potential Biomarker for Predicting Progression and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer

Evaluation of MT Family Isoforms as Potential Biomarker for Predicting Progression and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer

Clinicopathological Significance of EBV-Infected Gastric Carcinomas: A Meta-Analysis

Gastric Cancer in History: A Perspective Interdisciplinary Study

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