Association between inflammatory marker, environmental lead exposure and glutathione S-transferase gene

Abstract

A number of studies suggested that lead is related to the induction of oxidative stress, and alteration of immune response. In addition, modifying these toxic effects varied partly by GST polymorphism. e objectives of this study were to assess the association between the lead-induced alteration in serum hs-CRP, with GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 Val105Ile genetic variations and the health consequence from environmental lead exposure. e 924 blood samples were analyzed for blood lead, CRP, and genotyping of three genes with real-time PCR. Means of blood lead and serum hs-CRP were 5.45 g/dL and 2.07 mg/L. Both CRP and systolic blood pressure levels were signi�cantly higher for individuals with blood lead in quartile 4 (6.48-24.63 g/dL) compared with those in quartile 1 (1.23-3.47 g/dL,). In particular, in men with blood lead >6.47 g/dL the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of CRP levels for individuals with GSTP1 variants allele, GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null, double-null GSTM1, and GSTT1 compared with wild-type allele was 1.46 (95% CI; 1.05-2.20), 1.32 (95% CI; 1.03-1.69), 1.65 (95% CI; 1.17-2.35), and 1.98 (95% CI; 1.47-2.55), respectively. Our �ndings suggested that lead exposure is associated with adverse changes in in�ammatory marker and SBP. GST polymorphisms are among the genetic determinants related to lead-induced in�ammatory response.

A Review of Biomonitoring of Phthalate Exposures

“…Currently, phthalates are used in many types of products, including building materials, automotive parts, medical devices, food packaging, cosmetics, perfumes, toys, teethers, adhesives, paints, floorings, lubricants, hair sprays, shampoos, soaps, nail polishes, and detergents [3,4,5]. The annual global production of phthalate was 4.7 million metric tons in 2006 [6,7] and ~8 million metric tons in 2015 [8]. In most commercial products, DEHP, DiNP, and BzBP are used as additives, and they easily migrate from those products into the environment through evaporation, leaching, and abrasion [9].…”

Toxicological Studies on Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation and Oxidative DNA Damage in Residents of a Gas Flaring Community

“…Though females in the gas flaring community (Imiringi) exhibited the highest levels of all the metals, statistically significant difference was only observed in selenium. Some authors also reported significantly higher blood levels in males than in females for lead and cadmium [22], cadmium [23], lead [24], and nickel [25]. Conversely, some other authors [26] and [23] reported no difference between heavy metals blood concentrations in men and women.…”

“…Some authors also reported significantly higher blood levels in males than in females for lead and cadmium [22], cadmium [23], lead [24], and nickel [25]. Conversely, some other authors [26] and [23] reported no difference between heavy metals blood concentrations in men and women. An assessment of the effect of age differences on heavy metal bioaccumulation in the subjects shows different patterns of accumulation for different metals in different age groups.…”

Ecogenetics of lead toxicity and its influence on risk assessment

“…Studies have shown that variations (deletion/polymorphism) in GST (GSTM1, GSTTI, and GSTP1) produce significant alterations in the activity of GST which may influence interindividual differences in response to chemical and carcinogenic compounds and in the development of multifactorial diseases. 51,52,[89][90][91] Population studies have demonstrated a link between low-level Pb exposure and subsequent development of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases via oxidative stress. 92 Lee et al showed a strong association of GST-theta 1 (GSTT1) (Gene ID: 2952; Accession no.…”