Association between leptin and IL-6 concentrations with cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Batún-Garrido, José Antonio de Jesús; Salas‐Magaña, Marisol; Juárez‐Rojop, Isela Esther

doi:10.1007/s10067-017-3897-x

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Cardiovascular risk is another factor associated to obesity and RA pathology. Accordingly, Batun et al reported an association between leptin and IL-6 concentrations with cardiovascular risk in these patients [124].…”

Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Adipokine Network in Rheumatic Joint Diseases

Carrión

Frommer

Pérez‐García

et al. 2019

IJMS

134

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Rheumatic diseases encompass a diverse group of chronic disorders that commonly affect musculoskeletal structures. Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are the two most common, leading to considerable functional limitations and irreversible disability when patients are unsuccessfully treated. Although the specific causes of many rheumatic conditions remain unknown, it is generally accepted that immune mechanisms and/or uncontrolled inflammatory responses are involved in their etiology and symptomatology. In this regard, the bidirectional communication between neuroendocrine and immune system has been demonstrated to provide a homeostatic network that is involved in several pathological conditions. Adipokines represent a wide variety of bioactive, immune and inflammatory mediators mainly released by adipocytes that act as signal molecules in the neuroendocrine-immune interactions. Adipokines can also be synthesized by synoviocytes, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes and inflammatory cells in the joint microenvironment, showing potent modulatory properties on different effector cells in OA and RA pathogenesis. Effects of adiponectin, leptin, resistin and visfatin on local and systemic inflammation are broadly described. However, more recently, other adipokines, such as progranulin, chemerin, lipocalin-2, vaspin, omentin-1 and nesfatin, have been recognized to display immunomodulatory actions in rheumatic diseases. This review highlights the latest relevant findings on the role of the adipokine network in the pathophysiology of OA and RA.

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Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Adipokine Network in Rheumatic Joint Diseases

Carrión

Frommer

Pérez‐García

et al. 2019

IJMS

134

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“…This observation may be supported that it may inhibit cytosolic insulin metabolizing enzymes and minimize its degradation [24]. In the same line, other studies document the beneficial impact of HCQ in correction of different adipokines levels such as leptin, adiponectin, and significant reduction of the vascular endothelial stress markers such as sICAM and sVICAM [25], [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Impact of Hydroxychloroquine on Fructose-induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats: Promising Protective Effect

Shata¹,

Naga²,

Elsawy³

et al. 2020

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is used in the treatment of malaria and rheumatoid arthritis for a long time. Its effects on inflammation and immune modulation were noted. AIM: This study aims to investigate the effects of HCQ in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome and to explore its possible mechanisms. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into Group I (negative control), Group II fed on high-fructose diet, and Group III fed on high fructose and subdivided into Group III-a (HCQ 50 mg/kg), Group III-b (HCQ 100 mg/kg), Group III-c (HCQ 200 mg/kg), and Group III-d (metformin 100 mg/kg). Body weight, blood glucose, liver enzymes, and lipid profile were measured. Insulin level, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), soluble-intercellular adhesion molecule, and vascular cell adhesion molecule were assayed. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, adipokines (leptin, resistin, and adiponectin), and histological examination of pancreas were assessed. RESULTS: HCQ induces good effects on lipid profile and improves significantly HOMA, endothelial stress markers, and adiponectin, and reduces leptin and TNF-α levels. In addition, significant improvement in structural changes was noted in pancreas with different doses of HCQ. CONCLUSION: Favorable effects of HCQ in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome are promising and can be used early in those at risk of diabetes.

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“…Another study yielded similar results with SLE patients treated with HCQ finding that the concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α were elevated prior to treatment, and reduced after two months of treatment (Monzavi et al 2018). Several additional studies have demonstrated that HCQ decreases elevated IL-6 concentrations in RA and SLE patients (da Silva et al 2013;Batún-Garrido et al 2018) and in an animal model of neuroinflammation (Koch et al 2015). Similarly, studies testing the antiviral activity of HCQ for the treatment of HIV showed that the drug reduced HIV RNA copy number and decreased IL-6 concentrations (Sperber et al 1995).…”

Section: Approved Mediations That Reduce Cytokines Involved In the Csmentioning

confidence: 73%

The treatment of SARS-CoV2 with antivirals and mitigation of the cytokine storm syndrome: the role of gene expression

Luo

Ige

Beacon

et al. 2021

Genome

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In the absence of a vaccine, the treatment of SARS-CoV2 has focused on eliminating the virus with antivirals or mitigating the cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) that leads to the most common cause of death: respiratory failure. Herein we discuss the mechanisms of antiviral treatments for SARS-CoV2 and treatment strategies for the CSS. Antivirals that have shown in vitro activity against SARS-CoV2 or the closely related SARS-CoV1 and MERS-CoV, are compared on the enzymatic level and by potency in cells. For treatment of the CSS we discuss medications that reduce the effects, or expression of cytokines involved in the CSS with an emphasis on those that reduce IL-6 because of its central role in the development of the CSS. We show that some of the medications covered influence the activity or expression of enzymes involved in epigenetic processes and specifically those that add or remove modifications to histones or DNA. Where available, the latest clinical data showing the efficacy of the medications is presented. With respect to their mechanisms, we explain why some medications are successful, why others have failed, and why some untested medications may yet prove useful.

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Association between leptin and IL-6 concentrations with cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Cited by 29 publications

References 18 publications

The Adipokine Network in Rheumatic Joint Diseases

The Adipokine Network in Rheumatic Joint Diseases

Impact of Hydroxychloroquine on Fructose-induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats: Promising Protective Effect

The treatment of SARS-CoV2 with antivirals and mitigation of the cytokine storm syndrome: the role of gene expression

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