Association between lymphadenopathy after toxoplasmosis seroconversion in pregnancy and risk of congenital infection

Donadono, V.; Saccone, Gabriele; Sarno, Laura; Esposito, Giuseppina; Mazzarelli, Laura Letizia; Sirico, Angelo; Guida, Maurizio; Martinelli, Pasquale; Zullo, Fulvio; Maruotti, Giuseppe Maria

doi:10.1007/s10096-021-04337-9

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In Italy, an overall MTCT rate of 32.9% was reported, with values of 17.6% in the case of seroconversion in the first trimester, 40.5% in the second trimester and 53.3% in the third [ 10 ]. Additionally, it was shown that maternal symptoms, such as lymphadenopathy, following seroconversion during pregnancy were associated with a higher risk of congenital infection [ 40 ]. The reported MTCT rate varied between countries, from 0.8% in Norway [ 41 ], 4.8% in Germany [ 42 ], and 56% in Brazil [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis Screening during Pregnancy in a Romanian Infectious Diseases Tertiary Center: Results of a 15 Years Follow-Up Program

Briciu,

Ionică,

Flonta

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Maternal infection with Toxoplasma gondii during pregnancy may have serious consequences for the fetus. In Romania, screening for toxoplasmosis is included in the first antenatal visit. A retrospective study was performed on all toxoplasmosis antenatal screening patients between May 2008 and February 2023. Twenty-seven thousand one hundred sixty-nine (27,169) pregnant women presented for prenatal screening once (22,858) or several times: during the same pregnancy (209) or during multiple pregnancies (4102). Thirty-one thousand six hundred fifty-eight (31,658) tests for IgM and IgG antibodies were performed. Nine thousand eighty-three (9083) tests (28.69%), corresponding to 7911 women (29.12%), were positive for IgG antibodies. The seroprevalence increased with patients’ age, decreased in time intervals, and was more frequently associated with rural residence. At risk for acquiring the infection during the pregnancy were women with negative anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies (70.88%), but only 0.9% of them presented for rescreening during the same pregnancy. Acute Toxoplasma infection (ATI) was suspected in 44 patients (0.16%) due to IgG seroconversion and/or low or borderline IgG avidity. A questionnaire follow-up interview was performed, and no congenital toxoplasmosis was identified in children born from mothers with probable ATI. Our study demonstrates poor compliance with the screening program in the Romanian population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis Screening during Pregnancy in a Romanian Infectious Diseases Tertiary Center: Results of a 15 Years Follow-Up Program

Briciu,

Ionică,

Flonta

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pregnant women are particularly at risk, as the fetus can be infected with T. gondii, leading to congenital toxoplasmosis, which can be manifested as a miscarriage, stillbirth, or severe neurological and ocular abnormalities in newborns [8,9]. The incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis is estimated to be 0.1 per 1000 live births [10]; the risk is higher if the mother has suggestive symptoms, such as lymphadenopathy [11] The severity of fetal infection is inversely correlated with gestational age, with significant implications for fetal development if transmission occurs during the first trimester [8,9,12]. Beyond neurological disorders, toxoplasmosis can result in chorioretinitis (blurred vision and eye pain) [3,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii Seroprevalence and Trends in Women Presenting for Toxoplasma Screening in South-West Romania

et al. 2023

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Toxoplasmosis, caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), is a globally prevalent zoonotic disease with potentially severe implications for immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, and their fetuses/children. This study examined the prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgM and IgG antibodies in two groups of childbearing age women, including 653 participants in Group 1 (2013–2016) and 3221 participants in Group 2 (2019–2022). Our results revealed a decrease in the overall positivity rate of anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies from 2.32% to 1.06%, suggesting improved public health interventions over time. However, there were variations among different age groups and between rural and urban environments, with a significant decrease in urban areas across all age groups from Group 1 to Group 2. Regarding anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies, we did not observe a significant change in the seropositivity rate between the two groups. In the rural population with an age group over 35 years, we observed the highest positivity rate in Group 2. This study provided information on the risk factors and burden of toxoplasmosis in women of childbearing age with data that can be valuable to public health policies and the planning of healthcare measures for effective toxoplasmosis management.

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“…According to a recent study in a large cohort, the incidences of seroconversion and presumed toxoplasmosis infection during pregnancy were 0.8 per 1000 live births, whereas the incidences of congenital toxoplasmosis were 0.1 per 1000 live births. In addition, the presence of maternal symptoms, such as lymphadenopathy, was associated with a higher risk of congenital infection [ 11 , 12 ]. Studies in Brazil showed a Zika rate of 6.7 per 10,000 live births [ 13 ] and a moving average of 3.92 per 1000 live births for syphilis [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors for Microcephaly Secondary to Teratogenic Infections in Brazil: An Ecological Study

Ferreira,

Santana,

Figueiredo

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Microcephaly is a neurological condition characterized by anomalies in the growth of the cranial circumference. This study aims to examine the association between sociodemographic and clinical variables and the occurrence of secondary microcephaly in newborns in Brazil. It also aims to investigate the association between this congenital anomaly and teratogenic infections. This research adopts an observational approach with an ecological, descriptive, and analytical design. The sample includes infants aged ≤28 days and registered in the country’s Live Births Information System from January 2015 to December 2021. Newborns were categorized into G1, consisting of newborns with one of the three infections (Zika, toxoplasmosis, or syphilis), and G2, consisting of newborns with two of the three infections. A total of 1513 samples were analyzed and divided into two groups: one infection (syphilis n = 423; toxoplasmosis n = 295; or Zika n = 739) and two infections (n = 56). The northeastern region of Brazil has the highest prevalence of microcephaly. Regarding the population profile, the Zika virus infection is more common among white mothers, while the syphilis infection is more common among black mothers. Among newborns with microcephaly, boys have a lower prevalence of toxoplasmosis infection, while girls have a lower prevalence of Zika virus infection. This study provides pertinent information on each infection and contributes to the epidemiologic understanding of the association between teratogenic infections and microcephaly.

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Association between lymphadenopathy after toxoplasmosis seroconversion in pregnancy and risk of congenital infection

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Toxoplasmosis Screening during Pregnancy in a Romanian Infectious Diseases Tertiary Center: Results of a 15 Years Follow-Up Program

Toxoplasmosis Screening during Pregnancy in a Romanian Infectious Diseases Tertiary Center: Results of a 15 Years Follow-Up Program

Toxoplasma gondii Seroprevalence and Trends in Women Presenting for Toxoplasma Screening in South-West Romania

Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors for Microcephaly Secondary to Teratogenic Infections in Brazil: An Ecological Study

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