Association between Maternal Blood Glucose Levels during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: A Birth Cohort Study

Zhao, Doudou; Liu, Danmeng; Shi, Wenhao; Shan, Li; Yue, Wentao; Qu, Pengfei; Yin, Chenghong; Mi, Yang

doi:10.3390/ijerph20032102

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

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“…As metabolic indicators, FBG, TG, and BMI are theoretically posited to exhibit a signi cant positive correlation with neonatal birth weight. Given the human fetus's reliance on maternal glucose, the transfer of glucose homeostasis from mother to placenta is considered a pivotal factor in fetal development, as supported by references [31,32]. Clinck Isabel et al [33] reported that for each 1 mmol/L increment in TGs, birth weight (BW) increased signi cantly by 81.7 g, with a more pronounced effect in males (107.3 g; 95% CI 66-148) compared to females (60.5 g; 95% CI 23.6-97.4), indicating a positive correlation between TG levels and neonatal birth weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-trimester triglyceride glucose-body mass index as a risk marker for gestational diabetes mellitus

Xiang,

Guo,

Pan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant pregnancy complication. Early identification of at-risk women is crucial for prevention. This study evaluates the first-trimester triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) as a GDM predictor. Methods A retrospective study on 943 patients from The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University analyzed TyG-BMI’s correlation with GDM using logistic regression and stratified analyses. The area under the curve (AUC) assessed TyG-BMI’s diagnostic performance. Scatter plots and Pearson correlation analysis have clarified the link between TyG-BMI and neonatal birth weight, as well as the link between TyG-BMI and OGTT glycemic measures. Results In a study of 943 participants, 170 developed GDM, while 773 did not. Elevated TyG-BMI levels were linked to a higher GDM risk. The odds ratio (OR) for GDM was significant in all models, with the highest OR in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.063, 95% CI: 1.031–1.097). TyG-BMI levels showed a linear relationship with GDM risk and outperformed other measures in diagnostic accuracy, with an AUC of 67.4% (95% CI: 62.9%-72%). TyG-BMI had a strong positive correlation with fasting blood glucose levels (r = 0.347, P < 0.001), but not with 1-hour or 2-hour levels in patients with GDM. It was also significantly higher in the triple positive group compared to single and double positive groups, although no significant link was found between TyG-BMI and neonatal birth weight. Discussion Our study indicates that the TyG-BMI index, measured in the first trimester, is an independent and effective predictor of GDM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-trimester triglyceride glucose-body mass index as a risk marker for gestational diabetes mellitus

Xiang,

Guo,

Pan

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Gestational diabetes complicated with preterm birth: a retrospective cohort study

Huang,

Guo,

et al. 2024

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Objective To delineate the clinical characteristics of preterm birth (PTB) in the context of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including 14,314 pregnant women with GDM who delivered at Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children’s Hospital from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021. PTB was stratified into late PTB (34–36 weeks of gestation) and early PTB (< 34 weeks) and pregnancy complications were analyzed. Results Compared to the term birth (TB) cohort, a higher prevalence of premature rupture of membranes, hypertensive diseases of pregnancy (HDP), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), anemia and cervical insufficiency was observed in the PTB cohort. Notably, early PTB increased the incidence of HDP, ICP, anemia and cervical insufficiency compared to late PTB. In the early stages of pregnancy, early PTB was characterized by elevated triglyceride (TG) levels and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels compared to late PTB. In the late pregnancy stages, early PTB was associated with increased white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil counts. No disparities were observed in 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) between early and late PTB. Conclusion Enhanced surveillance and management of GDM, particularly in the presence of HDP, ICP and anemia, are imperative to mitigate the risk of PTB. The lipid profile may serve as a predictive tool for early PTB in the early stages of pregnancy, warranting further studies.

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Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and birth weight: a prospective cohort study

Li,

He,

Wang

et al. 2024

Nutr J

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Background Existing data on maternal dietary patterns and birth weight remains limited and inconsistent, especially in non-Western populations. We aimed to examine the relationship between maternal dietary patterns and birth weight among a cohort of Chinese. Methods In this study, 4,184 mother-child pairs were included from the Iodine Status in Pregnancy and Offspring Health Cohort. Maternal diet during pregnancy was evaluated using a self-administered food frequency questionnaire with 69 food items. Principal component analysis was used to identify dietary patterns. Information on birth weight and gestational age was obtained through medical records. Adverse outcomes of birth weight were defined according to standard clinical cutoffs, including low birth weight, macrosomia, small for gestational age, and large for gestational age. Results Three maternal dietary patterns were identified: plant-based, animal-based, and processed food and beverage dietary patterns, which explained 23.7% variance in the diet. In the multivariate-adjusted model, women with higher adherence to the plant-based dietary patten had a significantly higher risk of macrosomia (middle tertile vs. low tertile: odds ratio (OR) 1.45, 95% CI 1.00-2.10; high tertile vs. low tertile: OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.03–2.34; P-trend = 0.039). For individual food groups, potato intake showed positive association with macrosomia (high tertile vs. low tertile: OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.20–2.47; P-trend = 0.002). Excluding potatoes from the plant-based dietary pattern attenuated its association with macrosomia risk. No significant associations was observed for the animal-based or processed food and beverage dietary pattern with birth weight outcomes. Conclusions Adherence to a plant-based diet high in carbohydrate intake was associated with higher macrosomia risk among Chinese women. Future studies are required to replicate these findings and explore the potential mechanisms involved.

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Association between Maternal Blood Glucose Levels during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes: A Birth Cohort Study

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

First-trimester triglyceride glucose-body mass index as a risk marker for gestational diabetes mellitus

First-trimester triglyceride glucose-body mass index as a risk marker for gestational diabetes mellitus

Gestational diabetes complicated with preterm birth: a retrospective cohort study

Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and birth weight: a prospective cohort study

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